Publicatio UEPG: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde
Criada em 1993, a revista Publicatio UEPG, de circulação dirigida, compreende até o ano de 2002 um volume anual, desdobrado em dois números, para atender as áreas de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde. Por meio de artigos e ensaios, são seus objetivos a disseminação de idéias e conhecimentos, a troca de experiências e o compartilhar, através do intercâmbio, de problemas comuns às ciências, além de submeter à crítica essa produção científica. A partir de 2003, como meta de uma política de valoração da produção científica nos seus mais diferentes níveis, a Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa deflagrou uma série de medidas e entre outros deu início ao processo de revitalização da Revista Publicatio UEPG. Com o objetivo de indexar esta revista em um curto espaço de tempo e tendo em vista os problemas maiores encontrados pelas revistas científicas nacionais foram tomadas algumas providências tais como ampliar o quadro de consultores, antes somente professores da casa para atingirmos hoje mais de cento e cinqüenta especialistas brasileiros com doutorado nas diferentes áreas do conhecimento. A PUBLICATIO busca ampliar seu horizonte de divulgação através da Internet disponibilizando gratuitamente seus artigos na íntegra a partir de 2000. A partir do ano de 2025 a PUBLICATIO iniciou a publicação em sistema de fluxo contínuo. ISSN: 1676-8485 E-ISSN: 1809-0273
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COMPARISON OF THE ANTIOXIDANT AND BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF CANNABIDIOL WITH SYNTHETIC DRUGS IN AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR VALPROIC ACID-INDUCED AUTISM
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a prevalent and complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by challenges in social communication and interaction, sensory sensitivities, repetitive behaviors, and intellectual disability. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant effects of cannabidiol extract with synthetic drugs (Risperidone, Aripiprazole and Fluoxetine) in an animal model for autism induced by valproic acid and confirm its possible improvement in the behavioral symptoms arising from the disorder and its lesser side effect. Therefore, the animals received treatment with cannabidiol for 15 consecutive days orally (gavage) at doses of 60 mg/kg, with an interval of 24 hours between one treatment and another. Other groups received, respectively, Risperidone (0.1mg/kg), Aripiprazole (1.5mg/kg) and Fluoxetine (5mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days orally (gavage), following an interval of 24 hours between treatment and other. Twelve hours after the last treatment, the animals were subjected to behavioral tests of social interaction and repetitive behavior and subsequently sacrificed by decapitation with removal of the nervous tissue for analysis of oxidative stress. The behavioral variables (crossed squares; locomotion time; standing time) analyzed in the open field test did not present statistically significant differences as well the three chamber test. Comparing the results to the control group, both the autistic and the Risperidone and fluoxetine groups showed an increase in formation of substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid levels. Regarding superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the autistic group showed a decrease in enzyme activity compared to the control group, and none of the synthetic drugs and cannabidiol alone altered SOD activity. Fluoxetine and CBD demonstrated a reversal of the reduction caused by autistic behavior on enzyme activity. There were no behavioral changes when comparing animals treated with CBD with those treated with synthetic drugs. Data suggests that CBD has better antioxidant action when compared to synthetic drugs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Publicatio UEPG: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde
ESTUDO QUALITATIVO ACERCA DAS VIVÊNCIAS DO DISTANCIAMENTO SOCIAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 E SEU IMPACTO NA SAÚDE MENTAL DE PACIENTES EM UM PEQUENO MUNICÍPIO BRASILEIRO
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread adoption of non-pharmacological interventions, with social distancing emerging as a cornerstone strategy endorsed by global health authorities. While effective in curbing viral transmission, prolonged social distancing has been linked to significant psychosocial and economic repercussions, including heightened anxiety, social isolation, and disruptions in healthcare access. In Brazil—where mitigation policies were decentralized and inconsistently implemented—regional disparities in pandemic experiences warrant further investigation. Objective: This qualitative study investigates the lived experiences of patients in a rural Basic Health Unit (UBS) in Paraná, focusing on the psychosocial, economic, and healthcare-related consequences of social distancing measures during the pandemic. Methods: ​​Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 UBS patients between May and December 2021. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to thematic analysis using line-by-line coding. Results: Nineteen patients took part in this study. The analysis revealed three major themes directly related to social isolation measures: I) Socioeconomic impact during the COVID-19 pandemic; II) Patients' experiences and perceptions of health services during COVID-19 and III) Impact of social distancing on patients' mental health. Social distancing in some cases intensified mental health problems due to isolation and lack of social interaction, especially with friends and family. Most patients claimed feelings of fear, anxiety, and concern for their own lives and those of their families. Besides the lack of social interaction and routine changes, economic insecurity was revealed as an underlying cause of this mental state. Several participants expressed concerns as they had to discontinue their activities leading to an income reduction. Participants reported that some healthcare interruptions were due to their own fear of contamination within healthcare settings and interruption of elective health services. There was approval regarding the pandemic information services provided by health professionals. However, it was noted that they should have been more prepared to deal with this situation. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that even rural communities with less stringent COVID-19 restrictions experienced significant mental health impacts and reduced healthcare access. While containment measures effectively limited viral transmission, they concurrently generated psychosocial consequences and disrupted essential care services. The findings highlight three critical needs: (1) integrating mental health services into primary care; (2) implementing active monitoring for vulnerable populations; and (3) developing protocols to maintain chronic care continuity during future health emergencies. These results underscore the necessity for balanced public health approaches that equally prioritize infection control and psychosocial wellbeing, particularly in rural settings. Keywords: Pandemic; COVID-19; Social distancing; Mental health
O ENFERMEIRO NA ADAPTAÇÃO DE PAIS AO INTERNAMENTO DO RECÉM-NASCIDO PREMATURO À LUZ DE CALLISTA ROY: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Este estudo aborda a adaptação dos pais de recém-nascidos prematuros em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIN), à luz da Teoria de Adaptação de Callista Roy. A pesquisa justifica-se pela necessidade de investigar o papel da enfermagem no suporte emocional e prático durante a hospitalização desses bebês, contribuindo para uma melhor compreensão do processo adaptativo dos pais. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, com a análise de artigos publicados entre 2018 e 2024, sobre a atuação da enfermagem nas UTIs neonatais e a aplicação da teoria de Roy nesse contexto. A revisão revelou que, apesar das dificuldades estruturais nas unidades, as estratégias de cuidado humanizado, como o Cuidado Centrado na Família e o Método Canguru, desempenham um papel fundamental na adaptação dos pais, promovendo o vínculo e reduzindo o estresse emocional. Os enfermeiros são vistos como facilitadores nesse processo, sendo essenciais no apoio emocional, na orientação e na capacitação dos pais para o cuidado de seus filhos. A teoria de Roy, ao enfatizar a adaptação dinâmica e holística dos indivíduos, oferece uma base para a prática da enfermagem, permitindo a integração das necessidades físicas e emocionais dos pais no cuidado neonatal. A conclusão aponta a importância da capacitação contínua dos enfermeiros e da implementação de estratégias de cuidado que favoreçam a participação ativa das famílias, visando melhorar os resultados de saúde e bem-estar tanto para os recém-nascidos quanto para seus pais. Palavras-chave: Enfermagem, UTI neonatal, Recém-nascido prematuro, Callista Roy
Female sexual dysfunction is a disturbance in one or more phases of the female sexual response cycle, and is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a public health issue. During the postpartum period, women experience physical, emotional, and social changes, which directly affect their sexual needs and cause difficulties in returning to sexual activity. The objective of this study is to investigate the occurrence of sexual dysfunctions in puerperal women up to 12 months postpartum, as well as to characterize the sociodemographic, psychosocial, and obstetric factors associated with these dysfunctions. Data collection was conducted by approaching women waiting for child healthcare and vaccination services at UBS in the city of Cascavel-PR, in the year 2024, using a data collection questionnaire created by the researcher, and the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire, adapted into Portuguese, along with the remote distribution of research questionnaires to a community health group of puerperal women in the city. The sample consisted of 30 puerperal women, sexually active in the last 4 weeks. 56.66% of the women in this study had sexual dysfunction, with sociodemographic and obstetric factors showing no influence on the occurrence of such dysfunctions. Decreased self-esteem, body shame, fear of sexual activity and lack of knowledge about sexual disfunctions were common among study participants.
THE THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Hepatic encephalopathy is the most significant neurological consequence in cirrhotic patients. The aim of this review is to list the main methods used to manage hepatic encephalopathy, whether pharmacological or not. This integrative literature review was carried out using a bibliographic search. Using the PRISMA flowchart, 1214 articles were identified in the databases, 324 were screened and 890 were selected for analysis by abstract and title. The texts analyzed in their entirety totaled 127, of which 30 articles published between 2015 and 2021 were selected, these with quantitative approaches, literature reviews and cohort studies. This review showed that the drugs most commonly used in treatment currently include lactulose and rifaximin, while others such as albumin, ornithine phenylacetate, zinc, polyethylene glycol, flumazenil, etc. have also been used in management. In addition, treatments such as fecal microbiota transplantation, portosystemic shunt embolization, retrograde transvenous obliteration and liver transplantation are also used in clinical practice. It can be concluded, however, that therapies capable of curing this pathology are still lacking, and those available are only effective in improving symptoms and the patient's quality of life.
Maria Fernanda Ingles do Amaral Carvalho
ANALYSIS OF MORTALITY FROM ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN BRAZIL AND ITS REGIONS FROM 2012 TO 2022.
This study aimed to analyze the trends in mortality from acute kidney injury (AKI) in Brazil between 2012 and 2022, based on data obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) of DATASUS. It is a descriptive and analytical ecological study that considered variables such as sex, age group, geographic region, and race/color. The results indicated a general trend of increasing mortality rates from AKI, particularly among older age groups, with a focus on the Southeast and Northeast regions. Mortality was higher among men and in more vulnerable populations, such as Indigenous and Black individuals, reflecting disparities in access to health services. The main causes of death associated with AKI included viral infections and pneumonia. It concludes that AKI represents a serious public health issue, highlighting the need for prevention policies, early diagnosis, and appropriate management, especially in higher-risk populations.
Prevalence of Depression in Hospitalized Elderly People
Introducción: La hospitalización emerge como un importante desencadenante de estrés, aumentando el riesgo de desarrollar o empeorar la depresión en personas mayores. El distanciamiento familiar, el malestar físico y los cambios de rutina durante el período de hospitalización intensifican los desafíos emocionales y los síntomas que enfrenta esta población. Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia de depresión en ancianos hospitalizados. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, realizado con 24 personas de 60 años o más, internadas en el sector clínico de un hospital universitario del interior del estado de Paraná, en el período 2020-2021. Los datos se recogieron al lado de la cama, aplicando la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica para evaluar la aparición de depresión en estos individuos. Para el análisis se utilizaron criterios inferenciales. CAAE nº 21585019.3.0000.0105. Resultados: La prevalencia de depresión en la población adulta mayor fue del 27,9%, presentando el 28,7% depresión severa y el 71,43% depresión leve. Entonces, entre las condiciones que demostraron mayores sentimientos depresivos se encuentran aquellas asociadas con respuestas positivas a las variables “¿Prefieres quedarte en casa que salir a hacer cosas nuevas?” (66,67%), “¿Has abandonado muchos de tus intereses y actividades?” (66,67%), “¿Te aburres seguido?” (37,5%) y “¿Te sientes inútil en las circunstancias actuales?” (27,17%). Conclusión: El distanciamiento social, la pérdida de interés en las actividades y los sentimientos de inutilidad surgieron como principales indicadores de síntomas depresivos entre los ancianos analizados. Estos hallazgos resaltan la relevancia de implementar estrategias de intervención psicosocial específicas para esta población vulnerable durante el período de hospitalización, con el objetivo de reducir el riesgo y el empeoramiento de la depresión.
Pre-prosthetic surgery planning using model printed from computed tomography prototyping: Torus palatinus
Palatal torus can interfere with rehabilitation with dental prosthetics. Planning the pre-prosthetic surgery to remove the palatine torus includes creating study models and surgical guides. Prototyping technology with three-dimensional printing has been used in Dentistry to obtain models, create guides and plan surgeries, replacing traditional methods with some advantages. We report a clinical case of palatal torus removal in which virtual planning techniques and prototyping of oral models were used using three-dimensional (3D) printing, which were used for planning the pre-prosthetic surgery. Computed tomography, the study and manipulation of images to create the model provide important information about the anatomy of the site and the simulation of surgery carried out on the printed model allows training in surgical technique, increasing predictability at the time of the patient's surgery. The use of 3D models allows training and adaptation of the generic technique to the specific clinical case with the preview of details and surgical difficulties, resulting in greater technical precision and a reduction in real surgical time.
Copyright (c) 2024 Publicatio UEPG: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde
RELATIONSHIP OF INTESTINAL DYSBIOSIS AND THE TRIGGER OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
The comprehension of the correlation between intestinal dysbiosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) could introduce new perspectives in the treatment of this autoimmune disease. Through a literature review, evidence correlating intestinal dysbiosis with the triggering of RA was sought. A review was carried out through a search in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) and Embase databases between 2020/2023, in Portuguese and English, using the methodology was employed, where: P=individuals with RA; I=analysis of intestinal microbiota with dysbiosis; C=analysis of healthy intestinal microbiota; O=laboratory analysis; T=literature review. It was observed that intestinal dysbiosis causes local and systemic immunological alterations and changes in the intestinal epithelium’s resistance to the passage of antigens. The pathophysiological mechanisms are: A) Damage to the intestinal barrier integrity caused by the bacterium Collinsella aerofaciens (C. aerofaciens) in the stage I of RA; B) Decreased metabolism of glycosaminoglycans, bone loss, increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines caused by bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacteroides uniformis (B. uniformis), Bifidobacterium dentium (B. dentium), Veillonella parvula (V. parvula), and Bacteroides plebeius (B. plebeius) in the stages II e III; C) In the stage IV, in addition to changes from the stages II and III, there is cellular mimicry provoked by bacteria including Eggerthella lenta (E. lenta), Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum), B. dentium, B. plebeius, and Prevotella copri (P. copri). Managing the intestinal microbiota of patients with RA may be differential in the adequate management of this disease.
DENTAL IMPLANT IDENTIFICATION THROUGH RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES SUBTITLE: IDENTIFICATION OF DENTAL IMPLANTS BY X-RAY
The identification of dental implants by clinicians may be achieved through morphometric measurements and may be used in the field of forensic dentistry. This study compares the real measurements and the measurement of digital radiography of dental implants to establish their respective correlations with the use of software. The study was performed with six implants from five different manufacturers. All images were obtained using dental films with different angles. Thus, the dental films were measured using a specific software developed. These measurements were then compared with the dental implant measurements. The results showed that the comparison of the measures of the platforms of the implants with the measures of their images at different angulations resulted in no statistical difference. With the horizontal calibration of the images, comparisons between the measurements of the lengths at 20 and 40 degrees and the measurements of the implants were statistically significant. The comparison between implant lengths and their images, performed with the system vertically calibrated, did not reveal a statistically significant difference for any of the three angular comparisons. The software presented accurate measurements in angular variations in relation to the implant, proving that although parallelism is important, it is not indispensable in the identification of implants.
Rights of patients undergoing dental treatment: beyond the Dental Code of Ethics
Patients' Rights are the specific rights of people undergoing health treatment arising from the professional-patient relationship. These rights are derived from Human Rights based on the patient's intrinsic dignity in respect for their self-determination and bodily integrity. The purpose of this work is to identify and specify the rights of patients undergoing dental treatment. A normative theoretical research was carried out, under the theoretical framework of Aline Albuquerque's works that deal with Patients' Rights, also involving analysis of international legislation and Brazilian legislation that dealt with these rights. The following rights of patients undergoing dental treatments, arising from Human Rights, were identified and specified: 1) right to life; 2) right to privacy; 3) right not to be discriminated against; 4) right to freedom; 5) right to health; 6) right to information and 7) right not to be subjected to inhuman and degrading treatment.
INFORMATIZAÇÃO DE IMAGENS DE INSTRUMENTAIS CIRÚRGICOS NO CENTRO DE MATERIAL E ESTERILIZAÇÃO
O Centro de Material e Esterilização (CME) é considerado uma unidade de assistência indireta, responsável pelo reprocessamento de produtos para saúde. Objetiva-se relatar a inclusão do descritivo e imagens de instrumentais cirúrgicos no sistema informatizado para gestão de materiais. Trata-se de relato de experiência no CME de um hospital universitário no interior do Paraná, no período de março a junho de 2023. Foram acrescentadas imagens de 702 instrumentais cirúrgicos, sendo 74 caixas cirúrgicas e 626 materiais avulsos, de diversas especialidades, como ortopedia, cirurgia geral, otorrinolaringologia, odontologia, urologia, vascular e ginecologia. Espera-se que a implementação dos descritivos e imagens no sistema informatizado facilite o reconhecimento dos instrumentais reprocessados, minimizando os erros no processo e aumentando a eficiência e segurança dos serviços prestados. A adesão à tecnologia na saúde, aliada à educação permanente, é fundamental para o aprimoramento contínuo dos processos e serviços prestados. Palavras-chave: Informática em enfermagem; Departamentos hospitalares; Sistemas de informação; Segurança do paciente; Eficiência organizacional
O Crescimento das vilosidades e criptas intestinais de galinhas e ratos durante o desenvolvimento embrionário e pós-natal. Um estudo comparativo usando parâmetros morfométricos
The development of the villi and crypts determines the functionality of the small intestinal mucosa of birds and mammals. This work aimed to carry out a comparative study of the growth of the villi and crypts in chickens and rats during development. The measurements of the villus height and crypt depth were carried out using the Image J program. The results demonstrated that the growth of the villi occurred faster in chickens than in rats. The villi were well-formed on the 17th in chicken embryos, reaching a maximum height of 1000 µm on the 10th day after hatching. The villi emergence occurred later in the embryonic period of rats, and their growth was gradual, reaching a maximum height of 500 µm on the 25th postnatal day. The formation and growth of the crypts was equally faster in chickens than in rats. The chicken crypts were already differentiated at hatch, and their growth occurred until the 10th posthatching day. However, rats exhibited crypts with greater depth than chickens in adulthood. Chicks on the third posthatch day had approximately 92% of the villus height and 42% of the crypt depth above 250 µm and 90 µm, respectively. In contrast, rats on the third postnatal day had about 13% of the villus height and 4% of the crypt depth above 250 µm and 60 µm, respectively. These differences in the emergence and growth of the villi and crypts between chickens and rats could be related to the distinct nutritional requirements soon after birth.
Copyright (c) 2023 Publicatio UEPG: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde
QUEDAS EM PESSOAS IDOSAS E FATORES DE RISCO EM AMBIENTES DOMÉSTICOS
Introdução: As quedas em pessoas idosas se caracterizam em grave problema de saúde pública, em face do elevado índice de hospitalização, sendo o ambiente doméstico o local de maior ocorrência. Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de quedas em pessoas idosas e seus fatores de risco em ambientes domésticos. Metodologia: Estudo transversal e quantitativo realizado com 45 pessoas idosas hospitalizadas, no Paraná, entre 2020-2021. Os dados foram coletados aplicando questionário sociodemográfico, Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-Funcional (IVCF- 20) e a Ferramenta de identificação de causas de quedas e acidentes domésticos (HOME FAST BRASIL). Os dados foram tabelados, categorizados e analisados. Resultados: A prevalência de duas ou mais quedas foi de 28,9% e o risco de quedas esteve presente em 33,3% dos domicílios. Associaram-se às quedas a dificuldade de acender a luz ao estar na cama (p=0,04) e a dificuldade e insegurança de entrar e sair da área de banho (p=0,03). Os fatores de risco às quedas domiciliares mais prevalentes foram a falta de pisos antiderrapantes (86,6%), tapetes soltos pelo chão (64,4%), uso de calçados inapropriados (48,8%), dificuldade em acender a luz enquanto está na cama (60,0%) e a falta de barras de apoio no banheiro (71,1%). Conclusão: A prevalência de quedas encontrada considera-se alta, estando associada à dificuldade de acender a luz e à dificuldade de entrar ou sair da área de banho. Determinados fatores de risco foram encontrados mais prevalentes no ambiente domiciliar para as quedas. Os achados demonstram a importância de uma orientação e educação em saúde na prevenção às quedas domiciliares sofridas por pessoas idosas. Palavras-chave: Idoso, Prevalência, Fatores de risco, Acidentes por quedas.
Presence of domestic dogs in Conservation Units in Parana, Brazil
The presence of invasive species in forests is one of the main causes of biodiversity loss, and even protected areas have suffered from the introduction of these species. The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiars) has acted as an invasive species, bringing aggravating consequences for its presence in the natural environment, as they return its wild state, which can lead to the decline of populations of various native animals, whether by hunting, transmitted diseases or by driving away. Given this scenario, this study aimed to highlight the presence and risks caused by domestic dogs to native fauna in four Fully Protected Conservation Units in the central region of Paraná, namely: Municipal Ecological Station of Palmital; Reinaldo Petrechen Municipal Ecological Station in Nova Tebas, Cachoeirinha de Boa Ventura Municipal Ecological Station in São Roque and Colombo Municipal Ecological Station in Mato Rico. To carry out this study, the results obtained from the database sampling of the survey of medium to large mammals carried out in the four UCs, which took place from August 2016 to September 2019, were analyzed. The results obtained evidenced the presence of Kennels in all UCs, in relation to the frequency of the invasive species in relation to other species of wild mammals, the lowest was obtained in the EEM Palmital (5.5%) and the highest in the EEM Reinaldo Petrechen (10.8%), being EEM which also obtained the highest number of dog registrations and EEM Palmital the lowest. In addition to the domestic dog, the presence of four more exotic species was obtained (Sus scrofa domesticus, Bos taurus, Lepus europaeus and Felis catus). The study demonstrates the need for efforts to reduce the presence of invasive species in the PAs and the need to join efforts with Station managers, the surrounding community and researchers, since the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC), which prohibits entry of exotic species.
EXPERIÊNCIAS PSICÓTICAS DE ADOLESCENTES CONSUMIDORES DE DROGAS, CASO DE ALUNOS DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Introduction: Drug consumption by adolescents in school environments in recent times tends to increase more and more. Objective: To evaluate the psychotic experiences of adolescents and young drug users. Method: it is a qualitative study with a phenomenological focus using the semi-structured interview, applied to four young adolescents in the city of Nampula-Mozambique, of these three were male and one was female, all over 18 years old. The interviews were conducted over the phone, after the first attempts failed due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The analysis and processing of the interviews was carried out using Saldaña's (2013) coding method. Results: A prevalence of alcohol and other drug consumption by adolescents and young people was observed, even in a school environment. These experiences negatively affect and disrupt the health of the young adolescent and society. Conclusion: It is opportune that schools and government entities provide strategies for preventing and combating drugs in school environments. It is also suggested the need to develop projects and programs that ensure preventive actions, incorporating psychologists and similar professionals into the school environment to ensure school and community health.
INVESTIGAÇÃO E AÇÕES DE CONTENÇÃO DE SURTO DE COVID-19 EM ALA LIMPA DE UM HOSPITAL NOS CAMPOS GERAIS, PARANÁ
The objective was to report the epidemiological investigation of two outbreaks of COVID-19 in a clean ward of a university hospital in the general fields. Occurred between July and October 2021, data were analyzed and the SIR (suspect-infected-recovered) model was applied to the transmission rate result (R). In the first outbreak (July-August), 49 people were investigated, 25/49 (51.0%) cases, 10/25 (40.0%) staff, 15/25 (60.0%) patients, 8/25 (33.3%) medical clinic, 16/25 medical (66.7%) medical clinic and 21/25 (84.0%) symptomatic. Among the cases in patients, 15/11 (73.3%) had onset of symptoms after 7 days of hospitalization. Use the 5W2H matrix as an action plan. After the execution of the actions, there were active cases for 7-10 days. The patient was presented at the same time 35 days, the most critical moment occurred after 17 days of the symptom, there were 15 patients active at the same time and the R was 2.92. In the second outbreak (September-October), 127 people were investigated and there were 6/127, of these 2/6 (33.3%) staff, 4/6 (66.6%) patients, 4/6 (66.6% ) ) medical clinic, 2/3 (33.3%) clinic 6, 4/6 (4/6) symptomatic. After the execution of the actions, there were active cases for 7-10 days and there were no new cases. The patient lasted 18 days, the most critical moment occurred after 7 days of the first symptom, there were 6 people active at the same time and the R was 1.35. The first experience was carried out, belatedly in the control of cases. The second experiment, using data from the first, was more timely, the investigation was more robust, and contained the outbreak more quickly and efficiently. Keywords: SARS-CoV–2, outbreak, epidemiological investigation ande hospital.
Copyright (c) 2022 Publicatio UEPG: Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde
Ionizing radiation as a technology for virus inactivation
Finding accessible and efficient ways to inactivate pathogens, and thus reduce their harmful consequences for the population, is an issue that challenges public administrators and the scientific community. Ionizing radiation is a physical method that destroys nucleic acids and inhibits viral replication, maintaining its immunogenicity, without requiring all the necessary steps to detoxify cultures from chemical processes, which facilitates the handling of antigens in a level 2 safety laboratory We observed different doses for each virus depending on conditions related to sample preparation, temperature, humidity, lack of oxygen, dose rate and penetration (physical state of the material); and also to the virus itself, such as genomic size. The radioresistance present in bacterial viruses and spores was also a relevant factor observed in the literature regarding the sterilization of hospital materials as it affects some polymeric structures of polypropylene in disposable masks, whose solution was the use of time-dependent non-ionizing radiation, the ultra violet (UV – C). Therefore, despite being a more costly method, the practicality of the process, which is continuous, with no residuals and the safety promoted by the non-smoothness of the package, allows the competitiveness of ionizing radiation against the methods that exist both in the sterilization of inputs and for the production of vaccines through viral inactivation.
CONSEQUÊNCIAS DOS DEFEITOS DA PROTEÍNA DA JUNÇÃO COMUNICANTE CONEXINA43 (Cx43) DECORRENTES DA DOENÇA DE CHAGAS
A Doença de Chagas é uma infecção endêmica causada pelo protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi. Suas principais consequências incluem danos celulares ocasionados pela multiplicação do protozoário, que acometem substancialmente as células cardíacas causando cardiomiopatias. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é compreender os danos causados na proteína da junção comunicante conexina43 decorrentes da doença de Chagas e suas consequências no organismo humano. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa com busca nos bancos de artigos Scielo, MedLine e PubMed, utilizando como descritores “Doença de Chagas”, “junções comunicantes”, “fibrilação atrial”, “conexina43” (Cx43) e suas traduções, com auxílio do operador boleano ''AND''. Sequencialmente, foram selecionados os artigos que melhor abordavam o tema. Ao afetar os miócitos cardíacos o parasita prejudica o funcionamento celular, alterando os canais de junção gap responsáveis pela comunicação intercelular. As principais alterações incluem a fosforilação, ou não, de resíduos de aminoácidos e a desregulação das concentrações de pH intercelular e de Ca+. Alterações na estrutura, expressão e distribuição da Cx43 alteram também as junções comunicantes, o que ocorre em pacientes infectados por T. cruzi em fase aguda e em doenças arritmogênicas. Nesta perspectiva, há uma remodelação evidente no arranjo da Cx43 nos discos intercalares do miocárdio e, visto que a comunicação pelas junções gap é fundamental para a propagação do sinal elétrico, consequentes anormalidades nas vias de condução do impulso atrial, como fibrilações. Conclui-se que a gravidade das possíveis complicações da patologia, derivada da disfunção e desorganização da proteína Cx43, ocasionam a redução do acoplamento elétrico tornando o indivíduo mais suscetível a arritmias. Palavras chave: Doença de Chagas, junções comunicantes, conexina43 (Cx43), fibrilação atrial.
Observational study with hospitalized patients treated with warfarin
Warfarin is a widely used oral anticoagulant, with several indications in clinical practice. However, several inconveniences can interfere with therapeutic success, such as the narrow therapeutic range, variability in the dose-response relationship, extensive drug and food interactions, periodic laboratory control and frequent dose adjustments. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify potential interferences of oral anticoagulant therapy with warfarin. It was a single center, prospective observational study, with a single group of individuals, conducted in a public hospital. The recruitment of patients was performed between March and June 2021, including patients who met the inclusion criteria and accepted the invitation to participate in the study and signed an informed consent form. The outcomes studied were length of hospital stay, time to reach therapeutic levels, dose management for target international normalized ratio (INR) and discharge with INR in the target range, number of medications and presence of potential drug interactions. Median time to reach target INR was 4.5 days. 69.2% of the patients reached a target INR during hospitalization, however only 50% were discharged with INR values in the target range for the indication. The average of comorbidities per patient was 4.38, and an average of 9.4 drugs prescribed per patient was observed, with 4.8 potential drug interactions per patient. The observed results point to several opportunities for the pharmacist to promote patient care to contribute for the quality and safety of patients treatment.
A EFICÁCIA DO TREINAMENTO RESISTIDO NO CONTROLE GLICÊMICO DE INDIVÍDUOS COM DIABETES TIPO 2: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
O diabetes melito tipo 2 (DM2) é caracterizado por hiperglicemia crônica desencadeada por resistência periférica à insulina, secreção deficiente de insulina e aumento da produção hepática de glicose. Diversos estudos demonstraram que os exercícios aeróbios são capazes de melhorar o perfil glicêmico dos pacientes com DM2. Apesar disso, existem poucos de estudos que se dedicaram a investigar os benefícios do treinamento resistido nessa população. O objetivo dessa revisão foi buscar, analisar e sintetizar a literatura recente publicada no contexto de treinamento resistido e controle glicêmico em pacientes com DM2. Método: Revisão sistemática de literatura elaborada utilizando-se as bases de dados ScienceDirect e PubMed, sem restrição de localização geográfica, com os descritores “Resistance training”, “type 2 diabetes” e “glycemic control”, que foram integrados utilizando o booleano “AND’’. Resultados: Dentre 755 artigos encontrados, foram selecionados 6 artigos publicados entre 2011 e 2020. Feito isto, foram observadas reduções significativas nos níveis de HbA1c e da glicemia em jejum em voluntários participantes de estudos que fizeram o uso de protocolos de treinamento com volumes e intensidades elevadas. Conclusões: O treinamento resistido pode ser eficaz em reduzir os níveis glicêmicos em pacientes com DM2. É possível que exista uma relação dose-dependente entre o volume de treino e as reduções esperadas nos níveis de glicose sanguínea. Entretanto, são necessários estudos com maior tempo de duração para avaliar a persistência e a validade dos resultados encontrados até o momento.
INCIDENCE OF TUBERCULOSIS IN TIMES OF COVID-19
Introduction: The tuberculosis detection rate may have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the new reality and habits created to fight the pandemic. Objective: Analyze the incidence of tuberculosis in Brazil from 2018 to 2020; comparing periods and vulnerable populations. Methods: Data from the Registry of the Ministry of Health of Brazil were collected on the incidence of tuberculosis in the years of 2018, 2019 and 2020, taking into account the distribution by age, sex and vulnerable groups such as homeless people, inmates, professionals health workers and immigrants. Results: There was a decrease in the number of new tuberculosis cases in 2020 compared to 2018 and 2019. There were no differences in the proportion of men and women or by age group. Among the vulnerable, it was found that they maintained, in 2020, the same proportion observed in 2018 and 2019. Conclusion: New cases of tuberculosis decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic equally in all segments of the population studied.
NÍVEL DE CONHECIMENTO E PERCEPÇÃO DOS ATLETAS DE FUTEBOL AMERICANO SOBRE OS RISCOS DE CONCUSSÃO CEREBRAL
O Futebol Americano amador está em ascendência no Brasil. A capital do Estado do Paraná, por exemplo, é composta por seis times masculinos na modalidade “full pads” e por ser um esporte de contato, muitas lesões podem ocorrer na prática, dentre elas, a concussão cerebral, que é um trauma ocasionado devido ao movimento biomecânico na cabeça ou pescoço. A lesão por concussão pode se tornar crônica, ocasionando um problema de saúde pública. O presente trabalho torna-se relevante para possíveis criações de medidas de conscientização, prevenção e manejos da lesão, perante a prática amadora. Objetivo: Avaliar se os desportistas possuem algum conhecimento sobre a concussão cerebral, sintomatologia e possíveis consequências. Metodologia: A pesquisa apresenta uma proposta de estudo prospectivo e descritivo transversal, por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa, de caráter exploratório, pelo qual foi aplicado um questionário eletrônico, cujas questões tinham como opção de resposta “sim” e “não”, a 37 atletas de um time masculino. Resultados: Foi possível avaliar que os atletas possuem um breve conhecimento sobre o tema, sendo que 89,2% deles dizem saber o que é uma concussão cerebral; 70,3% sabem quais são os sinais e sintomas e 67,6% sabem as consequências de sofrer uma concussão cerebral. Conclusão: Foi possível observar que os desportistas sabem o que é o trauma, mas de modo superficial. A falta de fundamentação teórica nacional e epidemiológica dificulta o dimensionamento. Sugere-se a conscientização sobre o tema, a fim de prevenir e minimizar os efeitos da concussão cerebral sobre esses indivíduos. Palavras-chave: Atletas; concussão cerebral; sintomas; futebol americano; saúde.
MERCADO DE TRABALHO DESEJADO POR ACADÊMICOS INGRESSANTES DO CURSO DE FARMÁCIA DA UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA
O estudo teve por objetivo analisar os fatores associados ao tipo de mercado de trabalho desejado entre ingressantes do curso de Farmácia da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa. O estudo observacional, transversal e analítico foi realizado com acadêmicos ingressantes do curso de Farmácia da Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa entre os anos de 2019, 2020 e 2021. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de um questionário autoaplicado, em 2019, de forma presencial na própria instituição, e em 2020 e 2021 de forma on-line. Do universo total de 132 acadêmicos, 88,6% aceitaram participar da pesquisa. A maior parte dos acadêmicos tinha 18 anos (47,0%), mulher (82,9%), solteiro (99,1%), sem filhos (98,3%), renda familiar entre 3 e 4 salários mínimos (34,2%) e com origem no município de Ponta Grossa - PR (64,1%). O principal motivo para escolha do curso de Farmácia foi pela profissão ter um grande campo de trabalho/atuação (58,1%). O mercado de trabalho público foi o principal tipo de serviço desejado enquanto recém formado (65,2%) e ao longo da carreira (51,3%), com redução de interesse no serviço público ao longo da carreira profissional (p = 0,017). As mulheres apresentaram maior interesse no trabalho definitivo no serviço público (p = 0,040). Conclui-se que os ingressantes de farmácia possuem um perfil acadêmico de mulheres jovens. A amplitude do mercado de trabalho foi apontada como a principal motivação de escolha do curso. O interesse em trabalhar no serviço público foi associado às mulheres. Palavras-chave: Estudantes de farmácia. Mercado de trabalho. Instituições de saúde, recursos humanos e serviços. Instituições de ensino superior.
ALTERAÇÕES INTESTINAIS INFLAMATÓRIAS DO ESTRESSE OXIDATIVO NA SÍNDROME DA HIPERTENSÃO PORTAL: AÇÃO DA GLUTAMINA
Portal hypertension (PH) is characterized by a pathological increase in portal pressure, involving hemodynamic and redox disorders. For PH, supplementation with glutamine (GLU) has a therapeutic potential, mainly due to its antioxidant action. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant action of GLU on oxidative stress and the role of nitric oxide on the intestine in the PH model. 24 male Wistar rats divided into groups: Sham-operated (SO), SO + GLU, partial portal vein ligation (PPVL), PPVL+GLU. Analyzes were performed: histological, oxidative and nitrosative stress. There was a statistically significant increase in portal pressure in the groups with PPVL. In the histological evaluation, there were pathological alterations in the PPVL group, while in the PPVL +GLU group the mucosa was like the controls. As for the levels of TBA-RS in the intestine, there was a statistically significant increase in the PPVL group compared to PPVL+GLU. While there was a significant decrease in SOD enzyme and nitric oxide metabolites, comparing the same groups. Therefore, GLU was effective in reducing the damage resulting from the PH model in the intestine by PPVL and thus, it can be suggested as a therapeutic alternative in the attenuation of PH.
ESTÁGIO NO PROGRAMA O BRASIL CONTA COMIGO DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
A pandemia da COVID-19 afetou drasticamente a vida e o cotidiano de todos, incluindo a realização dos Estágios Curriculares Supervisionados (ECS) de alunos da área da saúde. Nesse cenário, os Ministérios da Saúde e da Educação uniram forças para coordenar a estratégia “O Brasil Conta Comigo” a fim de auxiliar o serviço de saúde no enfrentamento à pandemia, com os alunos das universidades voltadas para a área da saúde, além de profissionais e residentes. Este trabalho é um relato de experiência, de cunho descritivo-reflexivo, que tem o objetivo de relatar as experiências adquiridas com o estágio de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19. Durante o estágio foi possível observar e participar ativamente de todas as mudanças nos fluxos, protocolos e rotinas do serviço. Foi possível vivenciar a pandemia no contexto da saúde e o seu impacto para a assistência, além de desenvolver as habilidades e conhecimentos preconizados. A troca com a equipe de saúde foi de muita valia, pois houve uma interação real entre ensino-serviço de muita produtividade. Assim, o serviço de saúde pôde contar com o amparo dos recursos humanos e os acadêmicos com experiências e aprendizados. Palavras-chave: pandemia COVID-19, estágio de enfermagem, O Brasil Conta Comigo.