A Revista de Engenharia e Tecnologia é um periódico acadêmico e científico, com caráter interdisciplinar e, com submissão e publicação de artigos em fluxo contínuo. O objetivo da revista é difundir a produção científica inerente às áreas de Engenharia e Tecnologia, valorizando as pesquisas e reflexões originais. ISSN: 2176-7270
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DETECÇÃO DE FISSURAS EM CONCRETO UTILIZANDO REDES NEURAIS CONVOLUCIONAIS: UMA AVALIAÇÃO COMPARATIVA COM APRENDIZADO POR TRANSFERÊNCIA
: A detecção de patologias, como fissuras, é essencial em sistemas de avaliação em estruturas de concreto, como pontes, túneis e edifícios. Métodos tradicionais baseiam-se na avaliação por especialistas, sendo frequentemente demorados e potencialmente perigosos, dependendo da localização das construções. Ao invés do deslocamento e inspeção visual dos especialistas, imagens coletadas por veículos aéreos não tripulados podem ser utilizadas para o levantamento das condições das construções, e posteriormente, por sistemas automatizados para identificação de patologias. As imagens coletadas apresentam diferenças na iluminação, na textura e estão sujeitas a ruído. Tais características trazem desafios aos algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina, que visam construir modelos para a identificação automática de patologias. Para esse fim, redes neurais convolucionais tem sido consideradas visando a construção de modelos de classificação. Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o uso de aprendizado de máquina para detecção e classificação de fissuras em construções de concreto, por meio da utilização de imagens de concreto e de redes neurais convolucionais. Para esse fim, um conjunto de 3.822 imagens (1.050 com fissuras; 2.772 sem), foram redimensionadas e normalizadas. Os modelos VGG16, VGG19, MobileNet, MobileNetV2, ResNet152V2 e DenseNet201, foram avaliados, ajustando as camadas finais, aplicando pesos de classe e parada de treinamento antecipada. A avaliação empregou validação cruzada e as medidas acurácia, precisão, sensibilidade, F1-score, e também matrizes de confusão, para comparação do desempenho dos modelos. Como principal achado, a MobileNet apresentou maior sensibilidade e F1, minimizando falsos negativos e configurando a melhor escolha para triagem conservadora. Observou-se que o modelo MobileNetV2 obteve a maior precisão (0,980), enquanto a MobileNet apresentou os maiores valores de sensibilidade e F1-score (0,976 e 0,974), reduzindo falsos negativos. DenseNet e VGG16 mantiveram desempenho elevado e estável, enquanto ResNet152V2 e VGG19 apresentaram resultados inferiores. Os resultados indicam que a detecção automatizada de fissuras apresenta potencial para tornar as inspeções em estruturas de concreto mais ágeis, seguras e padronizadas.
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TECNOLOGIAS NO CAMPO E CAPACITAÇÃO DE PRODUTORES: UM MODELO DE COMPUTAÇÃO APLICADA PARA TRANSFORMAÇÃO DIGITAL NO MEIO RURAL
Digital transformation in rural areas has become one of the main drivers for strengthening the sustainable development of family farming and small and medium-sized producers. The effective incorporation of digital technologies in the countryside faces challenges related to technical training, digital inclusion, and the adaptation of technological tools to local realities. In this context, the project “Technologies in the Field and Training of Small and Medium-Sized Rural Producers,” funded by resources from Fundo Paraná, was structured with the objective of promoting the adoption of applied computing practices in agriculture through continuing education, specialized technical support, and systematic follow-up with producers. The methodology adopted combined territorial diagnosis, in-person training, technical monitoring, and the use of digital tools focused on the management and analysis of production data. The project was aligned with the priority area “Agriculture and Agribusiness” and articulated actions aimed at human capital development, technological innovation, and integration between the university and the productive sector, strengthening the role of university extension as an instrument of territorial transformation. The results achieved demonstrate advances in the organization of production management, improved use of inputs, enhanced understanding of digital tools, and strengthened decision-making capacity among participating producers. A positive impact was also observed in digital inclusion and in the dissemination of sustainable practices in agricultural management. It is concluded that applied computing, when associated with structured training processes and technical support, constitutes a strategic instrument for productive modernization, environmental sustainability, and regional socioeconomic development in rural areas.
Copyright (c) 2025 REVISTA DE ENGENHARIA E TECNOLOGIA
DIMENSÕES MÍNIMAS DE PILARES DE CONCRETO ARMADO EM EDIFICAÇÕES DE BAIXO PADRÃO: ANÁLISE SEGUNDO A NBR 6118:2023
The objective of this paper was to analyze whether the reduction in the minimum dimension of columns, from 14 cm to 12 cm, meets the Ultimate and Service Limit States as prescribed for low-standard buildings. Based on an architectural project for a popular residential building, four types of situations were analyzed: (i) columns with a cross section of 12 x 30 cm with a reinforced concrete slab, (ii) columns with a cross section of 14 x 26 cm with a slab in reinforced concrete, (iii) columns with a cross section of 12 x 30 cm without a slab and (iv) columns with a cross section of 14 x 26 cm without a slab. The results for each situation were obtained from structural modeling in AltoQI Eberick software. It can be concluded that it is possible to use columns with a dimension of 12 cm, without significant changes in steel consumption, as long as the minimum area of 360 cm² is met.
ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA DO ERRO DE MODELO DE LAJES DE CONCRETO ARMADO SUBMETIDAS À PUNÇÃO
This paper statistically analysis the model error associated with the theoretical models presented in the standards ABNT NBR 6118 (2023), ACI318 (2022), EUROCODE2 (2023), and FIB MC2020 (2024). Model error is defined as the ratio between experimental results and predictions by the normative criteria. The analysis considers the ultimate limit state for punching of reinforced concrete flat slabs without shear reinforcement, based on 218 experimental results from the literature. Partial safety coefficients were disregarded, allowing the estimation of mean ultimate punching resistance. The normative model results were compared to experimental data, and statistical error metrics including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Coefficient of Determination (R²), and Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE) were calculated to assess accuracy and variability. Among the standards, FIB MC2020 showed the closest agreement with experimental results, exhibiting the lowest MAE, RMSE, and NRMSE, and a high R², with a mean model error of 0.997. In contrast, ACI318, NBR 6118, and EUROCODE2 underestimated punching loads on average by 30.31%, 15.54%, and 7.32%, respectively, with higher MAE, RMSE, and NRMSE values. These findings indicate that FIB MC2020 provides the most accurate estimation of punching resistance, while ACI318 tends to significantly underestimate slab strength. The study highlights the importance of selecting normative criteria that reflect experimental behaviour for safe and reliable structural design.
IMPACT OF NOISE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MACHINE LEARNING MODELS: A CASE STUDY WITH THE IRIS DATASET
This paper evaluates the robustness of four classical classification algorithms — K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) — when faced with noise in the Iris dataset, which has been widely used in previous research. Five levels of noise (0% to 40%) were applied to the numerical attributes of the dataset, simulating real variations in input data. The models were implemented in Python using the scikit-learn, numpy, pandas, matplotlib, seaborn, and statsmodels libraries. The evaluation was performed through cross-validation, using the metrics of accuracy, F1-score, and recall. The results were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests to verify significant differences between the performances of the algorithms. The results indicate that all models presented high performance with clean data, with emphasis on KNN and SVM. As the noise increased, Decision Tree showed greater sensitivity, while Random Forest and SVM demonstrated greater stability. However, statistical tests did not identify significant differences between the models at any noise level (p > 0.62), suggesting that the observed practical variations are not statistically relevant. The paper reinforces the usefulness of the Iris dataset as a benchmark and highlights the importance of statistical analysis in assessing the robustness of classification algorithms in scenarios with noisy data.
OTIMIZAÇÃO DE AJUSTES DE RELÉS DE SOBRECORRENTE EM LINHAS DE SUBTRANSMISSÃO EM ANEL
The use of a tuning optimization study is extremely important in the process of parameterizing overcurrent relays, serving as a supporting tool for the decision-making of the protection engineer responsible for preparing the protection coordination study, making the study accurate and fast. This article presents the application of an algorithm for the optimization of the coordination of directional overcurrent relays installed on transmission lines in meshed systems. For this, a computational tool was developed on the Scilab platform using the PSO algorithm - Particle Swarm Optimization. The developed tool also seeks to simplify the input of data required for the optimization algorithm, such as ampacity and positive sequence impedance of cables. The main functionalities of the proposed application in this work are: (i) Automatic calculation of short-circuit conditions (on buses and close-in on lines), (ii) determination of the restrictions to be met, (iii) optimization of IEC C1 NI curves. The proposed optimization technique brought promising results, whose fault elimination times were satisfactory and met all the restrictions imposed by the analyzed system for all the evaluated faults cases.
AUMENTANDO A SEGURANÇA DO GERENCIAMENTO DE USUÁRIOS DO MOODLE USANDO BANCOS DE DADOS DE TERCEIROS
Este artigo apresenta uma solução automatizada para o gerenciamento de usuários e disciplinas no ambiente Moodle da Universidade de Brasília (UnB), visando aumentar a segurança e a eficiência no processamento de dados acadêmicos. A proposta envolve o desenvolvimento do PRP01 (Palton’s Robot in Python), um robô programado em Python que integra o Moodle com os sistemas institucionais SIGAA e SIGER por meio de web scraping e autenticação segura. O objetivo é automatizar a criação e atualização de disciplinas e usuários, reduzindo falhas humanas, retrabalho e vulnerabilidades, como inserção de scripts maliciosos. O PRP01 valida solicitações com base em dados oficiais e rejeita pedidos inconsistentes, garantindo a integridade das informações. Após um ano de uso, os resultados indicam ganhos expressivos em tempo de processamento, com redução de dias para minutos em tarefas que antes eram realizadas manualmente. A automação também contribuiu para maior padronização, rastreabilidade e satisfação dos docentes. Uma pesquisa aplicada revelou que 95% dos professores estão satisfeitos com o novo processo. Além disso, o sistema gera relatórios automáticos, facilitando a auditoria e o acompanhamento por analistas. Conclui-se que a integração automatizada com uso de robôs e autenticação segura é uma solução eficaz e alinhada às diretrizes de governança digital no ensino superior, promovendo confiabilidade, escalabilidade e segurança na gestão de ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem.
ESTUDO DE DEFLOCULANTES NA REOLOGIA DE SUSPENSÕES DE GRÊS PORCELANATO
Porcelain tile is a type of ceramic tile that stands out for its decorated surface aesthetics, mechanical properties, low water absorption, and resistance to chemical attack. In its production, raw materials such as clay and feldspar are used. Feldspar is responsible for the formation of the glass and liquid phases during firing, it also develops characteristics such as low porosity and high strength in the ceramic piece. For the production of porcelain, a ceramic suspension is produced, which contains the necessary materials so that during processing, the desired properties are obtained. Porcelain tile suspensions are made up of clay minerals, deflocculants, plasticizers and other elements that guarantee their quality. In the production of porcelain stoneware, deflocculants are generally used, so that the dispersion of clay particles occurs. The stabilization between the clay and the deflocculant is determined by the forces of attraction and repulsion of the clay particles, which depends on the physicochemical characteristics between them. Therefore, this work seeks to verify, by analyzing the rheology of suspensions, the behavior of the dispersion, and the variation of properties in a porcelain tile suspension, from the addition of different types of deflocculants.
TECNOLOGIAS EMERGENTES NA CONSTRUÇÃO DE MUROS DE CONTENÇÃO: SUSTENTABILIDADE E INOVAÇÃO
Tecnologias emergentes na construção de muros de contenção vêm transformando a engenharia civil ao integrar sustentabilidade e inovação tecnológica em soluções cada vez mais eficientes e ecológicas. Essas novas abordagens buscam substituir ou complementar métodos tradicionais que frequentemente apresentam impactos ambientais significativos. Entre as inovações destacam-se o uso de materiais reciclados, como pneus, garrafas PET e resíduos da construção civil, e geossintéticos, que oferecem maior durabilidade e desempenho estrutural. Além disso, técnicas como muros verdes e bioengenharia agregam valor ambiental, favorecendo a drenagem natural, a redução de emissões de CO₂ e a integração paisagística com o meio ambiente. A automação de processos, o uso de drones para mapeamento de terrenos e o monitoramento inteligente por sensores IoT também contribuem para a segurança e a eficiência na execução dessas estruturas. Tais tecnologias reduzem custos operacionais, otimizam tempo e aumentam a precisão nos projetos. A construção sustentável de muros de contenção representa um passo importante para a infraestrutura resiliente e consciente, atendendo às demandas modernas de desenvolvimento urbano aliado à preservação ambiental.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DAS SONDAGENS DE SUBSUPERFÍCIE: ESTUDO DE CASO NOS BAIRROS ÓRFÃS E JARDIM CARVALHO, PONTA GROSSA - PR
O artigo explora a relevância da execução de diferentes métodos de sondagens em obras no setor da construção civil, em áreas de ocorrência de rochas do Grupo Itararé e solos associados no espaço urbano de Ponta Grossa, estado do Paraná. Tomando por base a análise de laudos de sondagens, é possível evidenciar a complexidade do substrato geológico da área utilizada como recorte espacial, onde é recorrente a presença de solos moles. O estudo conclui que o emprego de diferentes métodos de sondagem é essencial para o fornecimento de informações de subsuperfície e, desta forma reduzir possíveis riscos de ordem geológico-geotécnica, quando da execução de projetos situados no contexto da Geologia de Engenharia.
AVALIAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA DE CABEAMENTO ESTRUTURADO COM BASE NAS NORMAS TÉCNICAS VIGENTES
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a conformidade de um sistema de cabeamento estruturado (SCE) em um centro médico localizado em Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ, considerando as normas técnicas vigentes. A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de revisão bibliográfica nas bases científicas Scopus, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico, além da análise das normas pertinentes ao tema. A metodologia incluiu também uma inspeção técnica in loco e a realização de testes de aceitação do cabeamento horizontal do edifício, utilizando um certificador de cabos. Os resultados revelaram a ausência de uma sala de telecomunicações no pavimento térreo, falta de identificação nas tomadas de telecomunicações e diversas falhas relacionadas aos parâmetros de transmissão e à malha elétrica dos cabos. Essas constatações permitem a proposição de intervenções corretivas direcionadas, contribuindo para a melhoria da infraestrutura de telecomunicações do edifício e garantindo o cumprimento das normas técnicas aplicáveis.
ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DE TENSÃO-DEFORMAÇÃO DE UM ATERRO ESTAQUEADO REFORÇADO COM GEOGRELHA SOBRE SOLO COMPRESSÍVEL
The construction of embankments over compressible soils raises significant concerns regarding displacements and stresses. To mitigate these issues, piled embankments present an interesting solution. This technique involves using piles to control settlements and transfer the embankment load to more resistant soil layers, as well as using geogrids to increase the efficiency of this process. In this context, this study employs numerical modeling to enhance the understanding of the role of pile and geogrid reinforcements in the stability of embankments over low-bearing-capacity soils. The model was based on a soil profile from the city of Uberaba, MG, which contains a 13 m layer of clay with low Nspt values, and followed traditional design methods before conducting a parametric analysis. The results indicated that the presence of piles and the height of the embankment were critical in controlling differential settlements. Additionally, the geogrid played a more decisive role in the safety against embankment failure than in settlement control. Finally, it is concluded that both reinforcement elements, piles and geogrid, contributed to the stability of the embankment on clayey soil.
MORTAR FOR TACTILE FLOOR WITH PARTIAL AND TOTAL REPLACEMENT OF TIRE WASTE
The construction sector, aware of the importance of environmental issues, has sought to find solutions that combine environmental preservation with industrial economic growth. To this end, several studies have been carried out on the reuse of waste tires, including the use of waste rubber aggregates as a substitute for natural aggregates in concrete and mortar. The aim of this work was to evaluate the replacement of natural aggregate with waste tire rubber, in the # 1 to 2 mm fraction, in proportions of 50% and 100% by mass. The experimental methodology was structured in three phases. In the first phase, the constituent materials of the mortars were characterized. In the second phase, the cementitious composites were processed into cylindrical and prismatic specimens and tactile floor slabs. In the third phase, axial compressive strength, flexural strength, flexural tensile strength and permeability studies were carried out. The results show that the axial compressive strength reached 3.24 MPa for the mortar with 50% substitution, while with 100% substitution it reached 1.33 MPa. For the tactile floor and the slab, with 50% substitution it reached 652.62 kgf/m² and 3375.26 kgf/m², respectively, and with 100% substitution it was 387.49 kgf/m² and 2059.83 kgf/m², respectively. The permeability of the mortar with total substitution increased by 37.5% compared to the partial substitution of 50% rubber waste.
IMPORTÂNCIA DAS TÉCNICAS DE CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS MATERIAIS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
The Civil Construction industry in Brazil, in recent decades, has undergone transformations arising from the need to become environmentally friendly, achieving Sustainable Development Goal number 12, promoting sustainable consumption and production. From this perspective, this research aimed to demonstrate the importance of the main material characterization techniques in the manufacture of alternative materials to meet the demands of this sector, based on the application of the main techniques in the characterization of Scheelite and glass waste collected in Rio Grande do Norte. The methodological procedures adopted were: processing of glass residue through grinding and sieving; use of Scheelite residue in the granulometry provided and carrying out their physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization. The results corroborate the positive aspects identified in the bibliographic review on the use of material characterization techniques to determine the characteristics of waste for appropriate use in cement matrices, considering the properties obtained and their interaction with Portland cement. As the physical properties, the chemical and mineralogical composition obtained demonstrate the importance of the techniques in defining which use will be given to these residues in the cement matrices. The physical properties and chemical-mineralogical composition of a given residue may make its use unfeasible or condition the choice of other raw materials to certain characteristics, such as the use of cement resistant to chemical attacks if a reactive component is found in the composition of the residue.
IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NA IMPLEMENTAÇAO DE PARQUES EÓLICOS ONSHORE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
: Wind energy obtains renewable energy through the wind and is proving to be a growing energy source in the world. Therefore, interest in the respective environmental impacts resulting from this process is emerging. Therefore, in order to contribute to the discussion on this topic, the present study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts caused on fauna and flora in the implementation of onshore wind farms. This is a literature review study and describes the implications for the ecosystem with the introduction of wind farms. Despite being considered “clean” energy, it is necessary to estimate the repercussions of these projects on plant and animal life. These range from the emission of noise from tower propellers, which can cause noise disturbances to humans and animals, interference with bird routes and collisions, modification of the natural landscape and damage to coastal environmental systems. In this way, by knowing these repercussions, these environmental impacts can be reduced by planning the future of wind generation, considering aspects of nature conservation.
Using the Action Research Method to Develop an Application Prototype to Facilitate the Search for Shared Housing in Pau dos Ferros, RN
With the increase in access to higher education, there is a significant migration of students to university cities, which increases the demand for shared housing. In this context, student housing emerges as a solution, but the admission process can be difficult and time-consuming. In this sense, the work proposes to explore the real estate market, using the city of Pau dos Ferros, in Rio Grande do Norte, as a case study, to enable the development of an application that facilitates the search for shared housing for university students. The prototype was developed using the action research methodology, which uses established approaches to improve a practical process. During the planning, a survey was conducted with potential users of the platform, which guided the development of the proposal. In the evaluation of the prototype, a Survey was conducted with students using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which evaluates the Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude Towards Use, and Intention of Use of technologies. User responses were positive regarding usefulness, ease of use, and attitude towards use. Regarding intended use, there were some discordant responses regarding use whenever possible and increased use of the platform, which may be associated with the nature of the software, which is to be used only when searching for shared housing.
Analysis of PID control applied to the speed control of a DC motor
The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PID control in managing the speed of a DC motor, using an embedded system based on the ATMEGA328 microcontroller of the Arduino UNO R3 board. The experimental prototype consisted of a DC motor, a rotary encoder for speed measurement, and an L298n H-bridge for controlling the motor's direction and voltage. The PID controller was tuned using the Cohen-Coon method, followed by fine-tuning to optimize the system's performance. The methodology adopted involved three main steps: (a) experimental modeling of the DC motor, where the system's transfer function was obtained from the step response to voltage; (b) calculation of the PID controller gains using the Cohen-Coon method, with fine adjustments to improve the system's response; and (c) experimental validation of the closed-loop control, with speed supervision through a developed SCADA application for monitoring and data acquisition. The results demonstrated that the PID controller was effective in maintaining the motor speed at different setpoints (200 RPM, 275 RPM, and 120 RPM), with a steady-state error close to zero. The system showed consistent rise and settling times, with minimal or no overshoot, indicating proper tuning of the controller gains. Additionally, the analysis of performance parameters such as ISE, ITAE, IAE, and ITSE confirmed the system's robustness against speed variations and disturbances.
IMPLEMENTATION OF A PID CONTROL FOR LEVEL STABILIZATION IN WATER TANKS
The article presents the implementation of a PID controller to regulate the water tank level. The system was mathematically modeled and discretized to enable its digital implementation. The controller parameters were adjusted to optimize performance for each test conducted. These tests demonstrated that the PID was effective. The results were validated through simulation in MATLAB, suggesting feasibility for practical implementation.
ANÁLISE DA AUTOMAÇÃO DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA A EFICIENTIZAÇÃO DA ILUMINAÇÃO
Over the years, it has been possible to notice the unbridled increase in the consumption of Electric Energy in the main sectors around the world. This growth in consumption generates the need to increase energy production at the same pace, causing governments to invest in structures such as Hydroelectric Power Plants that cause major impacts on the Environment. In view of this, the present study aims to develop an automated residential lighting project using Arduino and presence and light sensors for efficient electricity consumption. The research involves a certain instrumentation using Arduino hardware, relay, LDR for specific data collection. After several tests with different devices, we obtained positive results, showing the practicality generated and the possibility of implementation in a real model. A cost comparison was also carried out. Home automation can be innovative in a simple way and with low financial costs and generate significant savings. This automation can be done through an Arduino Uno and a set of sensors that are easy to find on the market, as demonstrated in the study carried out to seek efficient lighting with a large impact on electricity consumption over a year.
PESQUISA DE TECNOLOGIAS PARA AVALIAR A VIABILIDADE E MÉTODOS PARA A CRIAÇÃO DE UM PROTÓTIPO DE ÓCULOS PARA INTERAÇÃO DE DEFICIENTES VISUAIS COM O MUNDO
Este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de óculos assistivos voltados para pessoas com deficiência visual, com ênfase na acessibilidade e viabilidade econômica. O objetivo principal é integrar tecnologias de reconhecimento de imagem e transcrição em áudio, utilizando componentes acessí veis e bibliotecas open-source. A relevância da pesquisa é evidenciada pela alta prevalência de deficiência visual no Brasil, onde o acesso a dispositivos como OrCam MyEye e Envision Glasses é restrito devido ao custo elevado, excluindo uma parte considerável da população que poderia se beneficiar dessas soluções inovadoras. A metodologia adotada inclui a análise de tecnologias assistivas existentes, o uso de softwares open-source para conversão de informações visuais em áudio, e a construção de hardware com foco em ergonomia e funcionalidade. O protótipo desenvolvido visa proporcionar maior autonomia aos usuários, além de fomentar um debate mais amplo sobre inclusão social. Este estudo tem como objetivo servir de guia técnico para a futura prototipagem do dispositivo, oferecendo diretrizes claras sobre os componentes, softwares e processos necessários para o desenvolvimento de soluções assistivas acessíveis. Ao final, busca-se contribuir de forma significativa para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas com deficiência visual, promovendo maior equidade em um cenário tecnológico em constante evolução.
Convolutional Neural Network Model for Classification and Prediction of Brain Tumor Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Accurate diagnosis of brain tumors is crucial in medicine, requiring high-quality magnetic resonance imaging to correctly identify the type and location of the tumor, which are essential factors for effective treatment. The aim of this study is to develop a convolutional neural network to predict types of brain tumors, applying computer vision techniques and artificial intelligence. The method uses Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and the study applied an experimental approach with a five-layer convolutional neural network on Google Colab, aided by the Keras and TensorFlow libraries. The convolutional neural network demonstrated significant improvements in the precision of predicting types of brain tumors, effectively classifying images and identifying distinctive characteristics of the tumors. The application of convolutional neurais networks in the analysis of brain tumor images is promising, contributing to the advancement of artificial intelligence in medicine and improving the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors. Keywords: Computer Vision, Convolutional Neural Network, Deep Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Given the need to optimize construction processes, this study evaluated and compared the costs and productivity of partial and total mortar methods in structural block masonry. The analysis includes electronic spreadsheets to survey unit and total costs, as well as on-site monitoring of worker productivity. The partial mortar system proved to be more advantageous for blocks with intermediate resistance (6 MPa and 12 MPa), reducing costs by up to 4% due to the lower mortar consumption . It also demonstrated greater uniformity in productivity, with an average of 17.62 m²/day per worker, helping to increase the efficiency of the work without compromising structural quality. In turn, the total system can be recommended for projects that require blocks and reinforcement with higher strengths. The choice between methods must consider project specifications, expected productivity rates and the amount of resources available for structural masonry works.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS, QUÍMICAS E MECÂNICAS DE MATERIAL ARGILOSO E CERÂMICO DE GOIABEIRAS NO ES – BRASIL
The technological characterization of ceramic material provides information on the properties of raw materials and their predictability in processing processes. In Brazil, in the state of Espírito Santo, the artisanal manufacture of ceramic utensils is a historical tradition carried out by the “paneleiras de Goiabeiras”, an activity listed as Brazilian intangible heritage. The research aimed to present a pioneering technological characterization of the clay raw material and the clay pot designed by the potters, true guardians of centuries-old knowledge. The results obtained indicated that the mineralogical composition of the raw material presented predominant phases of quartz, kaolinite, muscovite/illite and hematite; chemical composition of high concentrations of Na, K, Ca, Mg and Fe. Thermal characterization indicated a kaolinitic raw material behavior and the analysis of the particle size distribution showed a predominance of the sand fraction. The initial moisture content of the molding mass is around 30%, the moisture content at the leather point is between 22 and 25%, the moisture content at the bone point is between 8 and 10% and the moisture content at the firing point is between 6 and 8%. The firing temperature of the pots in situ varied between 630 and 750°C. In the compression resistance test, the pieces fired in situ showed a resistance of 8.04 MPa. Firing at 800°C in the laboratory showed a slight increase of around 3.5%, thus confirming the efficiency of the firing method traditionally used by artisans for that chemical-mineralogical condition of the clay mass. The use of the tannin solution promotes a certain waterproofing of the ceramic piece, contributing to the reduction of water absorption and porosity.
ANÁLISE ANALÍTICA E NUMÉRICA DO MOMENTO CRÍTICO ELÁSTICO DE VIGAS DE AÇO DE PERFIL I
A flambagem em vigas submetidas à flexão reta simples é avaliada pelo momento crítico elástico (Mcr). No entanto, as equações normativas e da literatura exigem diversas propriedades físico-geométricas, que variam conforme o perfil adotado. Uma alternativa eficiente para essa análise é o método dos elementos finitos (MEF), que oferece precisão e praticidade em estudos numéricos complexos. O presente trabalho avaliou a precisão na obtenção do Mcr em vigas de aço de perfil I biapoiadas submetidas à flexão reta simples, comparando métodos analíticos e numéricos. O Mcr representa o momento máximo suportado antes da instabilidade. Para a análise via MEF, foram realizadas 32 simulações com elementos de casca. A malha adotada foi de 10 mm, garantindo baixo erro e tempo de processamento eficiente. A média dos erros foi de 2,70%, indicando alta confiabilidade nos resultados. Entre os parâmetros analisados, o comprimento da viga foi o que causou maior impacto no Mcr. Os valores obtidos numericamente foram consistentes com os cálculos analíticos presentes no documento normativo brasileiro, demonstrando a eficácia do uso dessas equações. O estudo reforça a aplicabilidade desse método na análise estrutural de vigas de aço, proporcionando uma abordagem precisa e confiável para avaliar a flambagem.
Creation of a spreadsheet to evaluate some performance characteristics used in the validation of analytical methods
The validation of analytical methods is complicated due to the need for many calculations. This work aims to create an Excel spreadsheet to simplify these calculations. The linearity was conducted using the Ordinary Least Squares Method. The matrix effect was analyzed through analytical curves in solvent and matrix and the limits of detection and quantification of the signal/noise relationship. Methods with recovery between 70% and 120% and relative standard deviations < 20% are considered accurate and precise, respectively. The mean test was carried out to determine the significant difference between the means of different experiments and the selectivity to identify if there are composts that interfere in the analysis. The spreadsheet was tested using literature data. The analysis confirmed that the linear model is adequate. The matrix effect was low. The selection, accuracy and precision of the method are confirmed. The spreadsheet demonstrates effectiveness in simplifying complex tasks.
UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO PESQUISA-AÇÃO PARA DESENVOLVER UM PROTÓTIPO DE UM SISTEMA PARA EMPRÉSTIMOS DE MATERIAIS PARA A UFERSA, CAMPUS PAU DOS FERROS
With the growing demand for technological solutions, innovative approaches emerge that facilitate administration in various contexts, improving efficiency and promoting a collaborative environment. In particular, at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Pau dos Ferros Campus, there is an urgent need to use an innovative platform for managing material loans, which are currently performed manually, making loan control time-consuming and prone to errors. In this scenario, the proposal of this work is the UFERSA Easy Loan (EFU) system, which aims to simplify the equipment loan process, ensuring agile access for students, faculty and staff. To develop the proposal, the action research method was used, which denotes the use of techniques to improve a practice. The objective is to meet the needs of the academic community, promoting an accessible and organized environment, including features for user and material management, with notifications to keep everyone informed about deadlines and returns. To evaluate the proposal, the Technology Acceptance Model was used, which analyzes how users accept technologies based on perceived usefulness and ease of use. This analysis generated important insights to develop a solution that meets market demands and is effectively adopted.
ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES DE MANUTENÇÃO DE CAMINHÕES FORA-DE-ESTRADA MODELO 930E
Preventive maintenance is essential as it improves the physical availability of trucks, reduces downtime, and prolongs their lifespan. This article aims to analyze the maintenance indicators of equipment in a mining company in southeastern Pará. For this purpose, a qualitative analysis of the results of the MTBF, Availability, and MTTR indicators and the loss profile was conducted. It was observed that they delivered an Availability of 73%, above the budgeted figure for the fleet; an MTBF of 29 hours, below the budgeted 39 hours; and an MTTR of 4 hours, within the target of up to 5 hours. It is concluded that despite frequent fluctuations in the indicators, the fleet delivers satisfactory results in its objectives.
TEMPERATURE ON-OFF CONTROL STRATEGY USING THE FX3U24M PLC AND DATA SUPERVISION
The objective of this paper is to assemble a thermal prototype and evaluate the dynamic performance of the on-off control in temperature management. The experimental prototype is composed of the thermal plant, the temperature sensor and the control that is carried out in the PLC FX3U24MR by Mitsubishi Electric, where it receives the analog temperature signal, compares it with the set-point defined in the Ladder logic and activates the actuators. The supervisory was done on VTScada by Trihedral, on the screen it is possible to turn on the system, define the set-point temperature, view the lamp status, as well as the temperature value on the slide and in the graph over time. The differential of the product is the low cost, the local supervision of the data and in the replicability of the prototype by other educational institutions. The on-off control works quickly and effectively to manage the temperature. The local monitoring system proved to be reliable and efficient in measurements, allowing supervision of process variables in real time by the SCADA application, with a low latency rate of 4 seconds, suitable in comparison with the process dynamics which is in minutes.
INCORPORAÇÃO DO RESÍDUO SÓLIDO DO TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES DO SETOR DE ESMALTAÇÃO DE UMA CERÂMICA VIA SECA EM ENGOBES
Given the problems of reusing industrial waste generated in the glazing line of a dry ceramic plant, an application was studied that would increase the added value of the solid waste from the effluent treatment of this sector. Thus, the characterization with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and dilatometry analyses of this waste was carried out for three months of the year, in order to create a small history and evaluate its constancy. From this, applications were carried out on ceramic biscuits in a test line using the veil-bell method with percentages of 2%, 5% and 10% of the diluted solid waste and the ceramic plates were fired in an industrial kiln. To validate the study, tests of hue, warpage, contamination under a digital microscope and cracking of the fired plates were carried out. The results show that it is possible to use the sludge cake, with the residue from April showing the best results.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS INDICADORES DE PROCESSO AMS E AMC NA GESTÃO DE MANUTENÇÃO
The article highlights the significance of AMS (Systematic Maintenance Adherence) and AMC (Conditional Maintenance Adherence) process indicators in maintenance management within the mining sector. The research evaluates preventive and predictive maintenance efficiency in a copper mining company, using data from five pieces of equipment during October 2024. Results indicate that the AMS indicator achieved an average of 86%, suggesting good adherence to preventive maintenance schedules but below the 90% target. Conversely, the AMC indicator scored only 28%, exposing deficiencies in predictive maintenance planning and execution. Through tables and charts, the identified deviations reflect issues such as high operational demand and resource shortages. The study concludes that strategically combining preventive and conditional maintenance is essential to optimize availability and reduce operational costs. The detailed analysis underscores the importance of efficient planning and continuous asset monitoring, offering insights for strategic maintenance management decisions.