REVISTA DE ENGENHARIA E TECNOLOGIA

PURIFICAÇÃO E REAPROVEITAMENTO DO SOLVENTE TOLUENO RECUPERADO NO PROCESSO DE ACRILAÇÃO PARA OBTENÇÃO DE DILUENTES REATIVOS DA LINHA UV

2024-12-02T21:25:27+00:00

This study investigated the purification and reuse of toluene solvent recovered from the acrylation process for use in obtaining reactive diluents applied in the production of UV resins. The study included purification steps and physical-chemical and chromatographic analyses to detect the presence of possible contaminants in the purified solvent. Thus, the feasibility of reusing the recovered toluene in the dilution of alkyd resins was evaluated, comparing its performance with that of virgin toluene. The comparative analysis of the properties of the diluted resins, viscosity, color, acidity index and non-volatile solids content, showed that the purified solvent presents physical and chemical compatibility with the virgin solvent. The results indicated that both materials met the technical specifications required for production, and no contaminants that would compromise the final quality of the resin were detected. This suggests that the purified toluene is capable of maintaining the dilution efficiency and properties of the system, without introducing undesirable products. This study contributes to sustainability in the chemical industry by demonstrating that the reuse of toluene is viable and effective, reducing the need to use virgin solvents and promoting more sustainable practices.

ANÁLISE DOS INDICADORES DE MANUTENÇÃO DE CAMINHÕES FORA-DE-ESTRADA MODELO 930E

2024-12-22T16:40:30+00:00

Preventive maintenance is essential as it improves the physical availability of trucks, reduces downtime, and prolongs their lifespan. This article aims to analyze the maintenance indicators of equipment in a mining company in southeastern Pará. For this purpose, a qualitative analysis of the results of the MTBF, Availability, and MTTR indicators and the loss profile was conducted. It was observed that they delivered an Availability of 73%, above the budgeted figure for the fleet; an MTBF of 29 hours, below the budgeted 39 hours; and an MTTR of 4 hours, within the target of up to 5 hours. It is concluded that despite frequent fluctuations in the indicators, the fleet delivers satisfactory results in its objectives.

Português português

2025-02-13T23:18:08+00:00

Given the need to optimize construction processes, this study evaluated and compared the costs and productivity of partial and total mortar methods in structural block masonry. The analysis includes electronic spreadsheets to survey unit and total costs, as well as on-site monitoring of worker productivity. The partial mortar system proved to be more advantageous for blocks with intermediate resistance (6 MPa and 12 MPa), reducing costs by up to 4% due to the lower mortar consumption . It also demonstrated greater uniformity in productivity, with an average of 17.62 m²/day per worker, helping to increase the efficiency of the work without compromising structural quality. In turn, the total system can be recommended for projects that require blocks and reinforcement with higher strengths. The choice between methods must consider project specifications, expected productivity rates and the amount of resources available for structural masonry works.

Analysis of PID control applied to the speed control of a DC motor

2025-02-25T15:09:27+00:00

The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PID control in managing the speed of a DC motor, using an embedded system based on the ATMEGA328 microcontroller of the Arduino UNO R3 board. The experimental prototype consisted of a DC motor, a rotary encoder for speed measurement, and an L298n H-bridge for controlling the motor's direction and voltage. The PID controller was tuned using the Cohen-Coon method, followed by fine-tuning to optimize the system's performance. The methodology adopted involved three main steps: (a) experimental modeling of the DC motor, where the system's transfer function was obtained from the step response to voltage; (b) calculation of the PID controller gains using the Cohen-Coon method, with fine adjustments to improve the system's response; and (c) experimental validation of the closed-loop control, with speed supervision through a developed SCADA application for monitoring and data acquisition. The results demonstrated that the PID controller was effective in maintaining the motor speed at different setpoints (200 RPM, 275 RPM, and 120 RPM), with a steady-state error close to zero. The system showed consistent rise and settling times, with minimal or no overshoot, indicating proper tuning of the controller gains. Additionally, the analysis of performance parameters such as ISE, ITAE, IAE, and ITSE confirmed the system's robustness against speed variations and disturbances.

INCORPORAÇÃO DO RESÍDUO SÓLIDO DO TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES DO SETOR DE ESMALTAÇÃO DE UMA CERÂMICA VIA SECA EM ENGOBES

2024-12-11T19:17:37+00:00

Given the problems of reusing industrial waste generated in the glazing line of a dry ceramic plant, an application was studied that would increase the added value of the solid waste from the effluent treatment of this sector. Thus, the characterization with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and dilatometry analyses of this waste was carried out for three months of the year, in order to create a small history and evaluate its constancy. From this, applications were carried out on ceramic biscuits in a test line using the veil-bell method with percentages of 2%, 5% and 10% of the diluted solid waste and the ceramic plates were fired in an industrial kiln. To validate the study, tests of hue, warpage, contamination under a digital microscope and cracking of the fired plates were carried out. The results show that it is possible to use the sludge cake, with the residue from April showing the best results.

ANÁLISE ANALÍTICA E NUMÉRICA DO MOMENTO CRÍTICO ELÁSTICO DE VIGAS DE AÇO DE PERFIL I

2025-02-01T01:22:30+00:00

A flambagem em vigas submetidas à flexão reta simples é avaliada pelo momento crítico elástico (Mcr). No entanto, as equações normativas e da literatura exigem diversas propriedades físico-geométricas, que variam conforme o perfil adotado. Uma alternativa eficiente para essa análise é o método dos elementos finitos (MEF), que oferece precisão e praticidade em estudos numéricos complexos. O presente trabalho avaliou a precisão na obtenção do Mcr em vigas de aço de perfil I biapoiadas submetidas à flexão reta simples, comparando métodos analíticos e numéricos. O Mcr representa o momento máximo suportado antes da instabilidade. Para a análise via MEF, foram realizadas 32 simulações com elementos de casca. A malha adotada foi de 10 mm, garantindo baixo erro e tempo de processamento eficiente. A média dos erros foi de 2,70%, indicando alta confiabilidade nos resultados. Entre os parâmetros analisados, o comprimento da viga foi o que causou maior impacto no Mcr. Os valores obtidos numericamente foram consistentes com os cálculos analíticos presentes no documento normativo brasileiro, demonstrando a eficácia do uso dessas equações. O estudo reforça a aplicabilidade desse método na análise estrutural de vigas de aço, proporcionando uma abordagem precisa e confiável para avaliar a flambagem.

ANÁLISE DA AUTOMAÇÃO DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA A EFICIENTIZAÇÃO DA ILUMINAÇÃO

2025-02-22T19:14:43+00:00

Over the years, it has been possible to notice the unbridled increase in the consumption of Electric Energy in the main sectors around the world. This growth in consumption generates the need to increase energy production at the same pace, causing governments to invest in structures such as Hydroelectric Power Plants that cause major impacts on the Environment. In view of this, the present study aims to develop an automated residential lighting project using Arduino and presence and light sensors for efficient electricity consumption. The research involves a certain instrumentation using Arduino hardware, relay, LDR for specific data collection. After several tests with different devices, we obtained positive results, showing the practicality generated and the possibility of implementation in a real model. A cost comparison was also carried out. Home automation can be innovative in a simple way and with low financial costs and generate significant savings. This automation can be done through an Arduino Uno and a set of sensors that are easy to find on the market, as demonstrated in the study carried out to seek efficient lighting with a large impact on electricity consumption over a year.

OTIMIZAÇÃO E PADRONIZAÇÃO DE FORMULAÇÃO BASE DE GELADOS COMESTÍVEIS: SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE MATÉRIA-PRIMA PARA MELHORIA DE PROCESSO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE PRODUTO

2024-12-03T21:35:46+00:00

This study aimed to standardize and optimize the formulation of a base syrup for edible ice cream, replacing palm fat with milk fat. The research applied caramel salato ice cream with both syrups, using the methodology of Adolfo Lutz (ZENEBON et al., 2008) for product quality control. This included the evaluation of the fat content and the sensory analysis of the caramel salato ice cream, in addition to the preparation of the nutritional table, which served as a theoretical reference for the fat content of both products. The results indicated that milk fat has an average content of 4.9, close to the reference value, which represents a reduction in comparison to palm fat. This substitution improves the sensory characteristics of the ice cream and also reduces the cost of the syrup and contributes to sustainability.

UTILIZANDO O MÉTODO PESQUISA-AÇÃO PARA DESENVOLVER UM PROTÓTIPO DE UM SISTEMA PARA EMPRÉSTIMOS DE MATERIAIS PARA A UFERSA, CAMPUS PAU DOS FERROS

2024-12-25T00:04:11+00:00

With the growing demand for technological solutions, innovative approaches emerge that facilitate administration in various contexts, improving efficiency and promoting a collaborative environment. In particular, at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Pau dos Ferros Campus, there is an urgent need to use an innovative platform for managing material loans, which are currently performed manually, making loan control time-consuming and prone to errors. In this scenario, the proposal of this work is the UFERSA Easy Loan (EFU) system, which aims to simplify the equipment loan process, ensuring agile access for students, faculty and staff. To develop the proposal, the action research method was used, which denotes the use of techniques to improve a practice. The objective is to meet the needs of the academic community, promoting an accessible and organized environment, including features for user and material management, with notifications to keep everyone informed about deadlines and returns. To evaluate the proposal, the Technology Acceptance Model was used, which analyzes how users accept technologies based on perceived usefulness and ease of use. This analysis generated important insights to develop a solution that meets market demands and is effectively adopted.

Convolutional Neural Network Model for Classification and Prediction of Brain Tumor Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2025-02-14T04:46:05+00:00

Accurate diagnosis of brain tumors is crucial in medicine, requiring high-quality magnetic resonance imaging to correctly identify the type and location of the tumor, which are essential factors for effective treatment. The aim of this study is to develop a convolutional neural network to predict types of brain tumors, applying computer vision techniques and artificial intelligence. The method uses Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and the study applied an experimental approach with a five-layer convolutional neural network on Google Colab, aided by the Keras and TensorFlow libraries. The convolutional neural network demonstrated significant improvements in the precision of predicting types of brain tumors, effectively classifying images and identifying distinctive characteristics of the tumors. The application of convolutional neurais networks in the analysis of brain tumor images is promising, contributing to the advancement of artificial intelligence in medicine and improving the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors.

Keywords: Computer Vision, Convolutional Neural Network, Deep Learning, Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Using the Action Research Method to Develop an Application Prototype to Facilitate the Search for Shared Housing in Pau dos Ferros, RN

2025-02-26T05:36:28+00:00

With the increase in access to higher education, there is a significant migration of students to university cities, which increases the demand for shared housing. In this context, student housing emerges as a solution, but the admission process can be difficult and time-consuming. In this sense, the work proposes to explore the real estate market, using the city of Pau dos Ferros, in Rio Grande do Norte, as a case study, to enable the development of an application that facilitates the search for shared housing for university students. The prototype was developed using the action research methodology, which uses established approaches to improve a practical process. During the planning, a survey was conducted with potential users of the platform, which guided the development of the proposal. In the evaluation of the prototype, a Survey was conducted with students using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which evaluates the Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Attitude Towards Use, and Intention of Use of technologies. User responses were positive regarding usefulness, ease of use, and attitude towards use. Regarding intended use, there were some discordant responses regarding use whenever possible and increased use of the platform, which may be associated with the nature of the software, which is to be used only when searching for shared housing.

USE OF THE LAPLACE TRANSFORM IN THE PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE OF HOSPITAL EQUIPMENT

2024-11-16T02:34:06+00:00

This article investigates the application of the Laplace Transform in the preventive maintenance of medical equipment, focusing on failure prediction and the optimization of maintenance processes. The research was conducted in a hospital environment, involving four types of devices: cardiac monitors, mechanical ventilators, infusion pumps, and ultrasound equipment. The results indicate that the use of the Laplace Transform resulted in a significant reduction in the rate of unpredicted failures, which decreased from 15% to 5%, as well as a reduction in the average downtime of the equipment.The adopted methodology included the mathematical modeling of failure rates, allowing for the calculation of the Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) for each type of equipment. Additionally, the study provides an innovative contribution by offering valuable insights for hospital and healthcare center managers, facilitating decisions regarding preventive interventions. The article also suggests directions for future research, including the exploration of other transforms and advanced forecasting techniques, such as machine learning, to enhance predictive models and develop automated systems with alerts based on predictions. In summary, the application of the Laplace Transform in preventive maintenance represents a significant advancement in the management of hospital resources, promoting improvements in operational efficiency.

TEMPERATURE ON-OFF CONTROL STRATEGY USING THE FX3U24M PLC AND DATA SUPERVISION

2024-12-13T18:36:29+00:00

The objective of this paper is to assemble a thermal prototype and evaluate the dynamic performance of the on-off control in temperature management. The experimental prototype is composed of the thermal plant, the temperature sensor and the control that is carried out in the PLC FX3U24MR by Mitsubishi Electric, where it receives the analog temperature signal, compares it with the set-point defined in the Ladder logic and activates the actuators. The supervisory was done on VTScada by Trihedral, on the screen it is possible to turn on the system, define the set-point temperature, view the lamp status, as well as the temperature value on the slide and in the graph over time. The differential of the product is the low cost, the local supervision of the data and in the replicability of the prototype by other educational institutions. The on-off control works quickly and effectively to manage the temperature. The local monitoring system proved to be reliable and efficient in measurements, allowing supervision of process variables in real time by the SCADA application, with a low latency rate of 4 seconds, suitable in comparison with the process dynamics which is in minutes.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS PROPRIEDADES FÍSICAS, QUÍMICAS E MECÂNICAS DE MATERIAL ARGILOSO E CERÂMICO DE GOIABEIRAS NO ES – BRASIL

2025-02-04T19:39:55+00:00

The technological characterization of ceramic material provides information on the properties of raw materials and their predictability in processing processes. In Brazil, in the state of Espírito Santo, the artisanal manufacture of ceramic utensils is a historical tradition carried out by the “paneleiras de Goiabeiras”, an activity listed as Brazilian intangible heritage. The research aimed to present a pioneering technological characterization of the clay raw material and the clay pot designed by the potters, true guardians of centuries-old knowledge. The results obtained indicated that the mineralogical composition of the raw material presented predominant phases of quartz, kaolinite, muscovite/illite and hematite; chemical composition of high concentrations of Na, K, Ca, Mg and Fe. Thermal characterization indicated a kaolinitic raw material behavior and the analysis of the particle size distribution showed a predominance of the sand fraction. The initial moisture content of the molding mass is around 30%, the moisture content at the leather point is between 22 and 25%, the moisture content at the bone point is between 8 and 10% and the moisture content at the firing point is between 6 and 8%. The firing temperature of the pots in situ varied between 630 and 750°C. In the compression resistance test, the pieces fired in situ showed a resistance of 8.04 MPa. Firing at 800°C in the laboratory showed a slight increase of around 3.5%, thus confirming the efficiency of the firing method traditionally used by artisans for that chemical-mineralogical condition of the clay mass. The use of the tannin solution promotes a certain waterproofing of the ceramic piece, contributing to the reduction of water absorption and porosity.

IMPLEMENTATION OF A PID CONTROL FOR LEVEL STABILIZATION IN WATER TANKS

2025-02-24T22:59:24+00:00

The article presents the implementation of a PID controller to regulate the water tank level. The system was mathematically modeled and discretized to enable its digital implementation. The controller parameters were adjusted to optimize performance for each test conducted. These tests demonstrated that the PID was effective. The results were validated through simulation in MATLAB, suggesting feasibility for practical implementation.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DOS INDICADORES DE PROCESSO AMS E AMC NA GESTÃO DE MANUTENÇÃO

2024-12-07T17:27:11+00:00

The article highlights the significance of AMS (Systematic Maintenance Adherence) and AMC (Conditional Maintenance Adherence) process indicators in maintenance management within the mining sector. The research evaluates preventive and predictive maintenance efficiency in a copper mining company, using data from five pieces of equipment during October 2024. Results indicate that the AMS indicator achieved an average of 86%, suggesting good adherence to preventive maintenance schedules but below the 90% target. Conversely, the AMC indicator scored only 28%, exposing deficiencies in predictive maintenance planning and execution. Through tables and charts, the identified deviations reflect issues such as high operational demand and resource shortages. The study concludes that strategically combining preventive and conditional maintenance is essential to optimize availability and reduce operational costs. The detailed analysis underscores the importance of efficient planning and continuous asset monitoring, offering insights for strategic maintenance management decisions.

Creation of a spreadsheet to evaluate some performance characteristics used in the validation of analytical methods

2025-01-06T19:10:08+00:00

The validation of analytical methods is complicated due to the need for many calculations. This work aims to create an Excel spreadsheet to simplify these calculations. The linearity was conducted using the Ordinary Least Squares Method. The matrix effect was analyzed through analytical curves in solvent and matrix and the limits of detection and quantification of the signal/noise relationship. Methods with recovery between 70% and 120% and relative standard deviations < 20% are considered accurate and precise, respectively. The mean test was carried out to determine the significant difference between the means of different experiments and the selectivity to identify if there are composts that interfere in the analysis. The spreadsheet was tested using literature data. The analysis confirmed that the linear model is adequate. The matrix effect was low. The selection, accuracy and precision of the method are confirmed. The spreadsheet demonstrates effectiveness in simplifying complex tasks.

PESQUISA DE TECNOLOGIAS PARA AVALIAR A VIABILIDADE E MÉTODOS PARA A CRIAÇÃO DE UM PROTÓTIPO DE ÓCULOS PARA INTERAÇÃO DE DEFICIENTES VISUAIS COM O MUNDO

2025-02-20T03:31:44+00:00

Este artigo descreve o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de óculos assistivos voltados para pessoas com deficiência visual, com ênfase na acessibilidade e viabilidade econômica. O objetivo principal é integrar tecnologias de reconhecimento de imagem e transcrição em áudio, utilizando componentes acessí veis e bibliotecas open-source. A relevância da pesquisa é evidenciada pela alta prevalência de deficiência visual no Brasil, onde o acesso a dispositivos como OrCam MyEye e Envision Glasses é restrito devido ao custo elevado, excluindo uma parte considerável da população que poderia se beneficiar dessas soluções inovadoras. A metodologia adotada inclui a análise de tecnologias assistivas existentes, o uso de softwares open-source para conversão de informações visuais em áudio, e a construção de hardware com foco em ergonomia e funcionalidade. O protótipo desenvolvido visa proporcionar maior autonomia aos usuários, além de fomentar um debate mais amplo sobre inclusão social. Este estudo tem como objetivo servir de guia técnico para a futura prototipagem do dispositivo, oferecendo diretrizes claras sobre os componentes, softwares e processos necessários para o desenvolvimento de soluções assistivas acessíveis. Ao final, busca-se contribuir de forma significativa para a melhoria da qualidade de vida das pessoas com deficiência visual, promovendo maior equidade em um cenário tecnológico em constante evolução.

IMPACTOS AMBIENTAIS NA IMPLEMENTAÇAO DE PARQUES EÓLICOS ONSHORE: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

2025-03-13T15:43:04+00:00

: Wind energy obtains renewable energy through the wind and is proving to be a growing energy source in the world. Therefore, interest in the respective environmental impacts resulting from this process is emerging. Therefore, in order to contribute to the discussion on this topic, the present study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts caused on fauna and flora in the implementation of onshore wind farms. This is a literature review study and describes the implications for the ecosystem with the introduction of wind farms. Despite being considered “clean” energy, it is necessary to estimate the repercussions of these projects on plant and animal life. These range from the emission of noise from tower propellers, which can cause noise disturbances to humans and animals, interference with bird routes and collisions, modification of the natural landscape and damage to coastal environmental systems. In this way, by knowing these repercussions, these environmental impacts can be reduced by planning the future of wind generation, considering aspects of nature conservation.