Revista de História Regional

“Os alemães ultramarinos também estão ajudando”: o trabalho do Comitê Alemão de Socorro às Vítimas de Guerra de Porto Alegre (1940-1943)

João Vítor Sand Theisen — 2025-12-02

This study is guided by the humanitarian aid provided by organizations based in Brazil to German civilians and prisoners of war during World War II. As a case study, it analyzes the work of the German Committee for War Victims Relief, headquartered in Rio de Janeiro, through its German Subcommittee, based in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, between 1940 and 1943, both operating under the Brazilian Red Cross. A microhistorical analysis allows for the examination of these organizations’ networked operations, their credibility based on the volume of donations collected, and the role of beneficence as a social status within both the national society and ethnic communities. Therefore, this study highlights the role played by these humanitarian organizations—both local and international—in the broader context of humanitarian aid during World War II. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the connections between humanitarian organizations operating in Brazil and the global dynamics of the 1940s.

O Interiorano “Subversivo”: Política e jornalismo no Pontal do Triângulo Mineiro (1951-1964)

Caio Vinicius de Carvalho Ferreira — 2025-12-02

The Folha de Ituiutaba newspaper, characterized as a press from the interior, was a periodical produced between 1942 and 1964 that circulated in the Pontal do Triângulo Mineiro. Focused on reporting on the region where it was produced, due to its political stances, the newspaper was constantly monitored by the political police during the 1950s and part of the 1960s. Eventually, with the civil-military coup of 1964, under the accusation of being a "subversive" and "communist" publication, the newspaper was closed, and its responsible individuals were sent to DOPS in Belo Horizonte. This article aims to reflect on the political role of the newspaper, seeking to understand its political actions and the reasons why it was constantly monitored and, ultimately, closed. For this, we use the newspaper itself as a source, along with other documents, such as files from the political police, analyzing and cross-referencing these documents.

.

Cecilia Inés Galimberti — 2025-12-04

The intrinsic relationship between the countryside and the city is redefined by territorial transformations occurring globally, especially since the late 20th century. The boundaries between these components have become blurred, resulting in spaces that do not belong to either category. In this context, history plays a key role in understanding the current challenges between urban and rural areas, particularly in geographic areas that are strongly influenced by processes belonging to both realities. This article takes the Metropolitan Region of Rosario in Argentina as a case study. This region has been a significant global agro-exporting hub since its origins and continues to play this role today, while also being subject to various urbanization processes. Through a multi-scalar approach, the article presents a descriptive-exploratory historical account of the region's transformation, aiming to interpret the relationship between the countryside and the city from the origins of the formation of the diverse localities that comprise the region. These localities are mainly linked to agricultural, and livestock uses, articulated with the railway infrastructure process, around which the first urban fabrics of each town developed. The article reflects on the changes over time, culminating in an analysis of contemporary conflicts between these two modes of territorial appropriation.

Os viajantes e a escrita da economia animal no Brasil (Século XIX)

Jane Cunha — 2025-12-04

The article analyzes the importance of the so-called “four-legged economy” in the territorial integration and material life of Brazil from the colonial period to the Empire, highlighting the centrality of pack animals—mules, oxen, and horses—in the circulation of people, goods, and wealth. Based on the accounts of foreign travelers such as Langsdorff, Luccock, Saint-Hilaire, Spix and Martius, Henderson, Isabelle, and Dreys, it examines the conditions of muleteer routes, the dynamics of the Sorocaba fairs, the landholding and livestock structures of Rio Grande de São Pedro, as well as the supply of the mining regions and the Court in Rio de Janeiro. The study demonstrates how muleteering structured trade networks, consolidated routes, and fostered the emergence of towns and cities, functioning as a link between different regional economies. At the same time, it highlights the persistence of animal dependence, revealing the long duration of this system. The travelers’ diaries, though permeated by Eurocentric perspectives, constitute essential primary sources for understanding the internal circulation of animals, their economic and social implications, and the process of integrating the pastoral South into the rest of the Brazilian territory.

Asociación Colonia Española de Nuevitas.

Mailén Celia Fernández Morejón — 2025-09-23

The study of the rural world is essential to enrich local, regional and national historiographies. Rural areas are characterized by the predominance of agricultural activities, typical of these areas, such as small and artisanal industries, as well as some aspects of daily life that impacted social activities. The study of Hispanic immigrants settled in the Nuevitas region, as well as the sociability they developed during the first years of the 20th century in Cuba. These are aspects to be unraveled in order to achieve a better understanding of rural areas; a space that during these years will witness a slow transition where rural, port and industrial environments will coexist until the second decade of the 20th century.

This research is carried out to study the sociability of Hispanic immigrants settled in the Nuevitas region in the early years of the 20th century. Given the scientific problem of how the Colonia Española de Nuevitas association emerged in 1903, assuming the Colonia Española de Nuevitas association as the object of study. With the aim of determining the founding process of the Colonia Española de Nuevitas association in 1903.

The association was created in response to the need of Spanish immigrants settled in the territory to feel publicly represented as an entity with a collective expression of their idiosyncrasy in the face of the nascent Republic of Cuba. Some founders, merchants and owners, are the fundamental drivers of the association and its optimal performance in services.

Um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento territorial de Umuarama/PR e as transformações dos espaços públicos

Danilo Cesar Pereira — 2025-09-30

Public spaces have been consolidated as essential elements for urban development and for the promotion of collective well-being in contemporary cities. Their relevance goes beyond the recreational function, as they reflect historical, social and cultural aspects that shape the identity of territories. In view of this, the present study aimed to understand the general aspects of the municipality of Umuarama - Paraná, with emphasis on its territorial expansion and the evolution of public spaces aimed at leisure. The methodology used was qualitative in nature, with an exploratory and descriptive approach. Bibliographic and documentary surveys were carried out in academic and institutional sources, in addition to technical visits and photographic records of the main public spaces in the city. Historical, geographic, social and economic data were also analyzed to contextualize the urban development of Umuarama since its founding in 1955. The results revealed that the various public spaces in Umuarama were gradually incorporated into the urban landscape in response to population growth and socioeconomic transformations in the municipality. These spaces assume symbolic, cultural and functional roles, becoming important centers for coexistence, leisure and promotion of quality of life. The research demonstrated that these environments reflect both urban evolution and the city's identity values, while also highlighting the need for constant maintenance and appreciation by the government. It is concluded that the public spaces of Umuarama are representative of its history and expansion, serving as instruments of social integration and sustainable urban development.

State violence in Mapuche territory:

Pedro Canales Tapia — 2025-04-25

This paper deals in a historical way, the murder – in a rural context – of the young Mapuche Alex Lemün, struck by police bullets in November 2022 in the province of Malleco, in the Araucanía region. His death is a reflection of sustained and systematic racist and violent state behavior against the Mapuche people and their historical demands. Theoretically, this work is articulated from the debates around racialized violence and racial hate speech, as a colonial trend not overcome by the Chilean state. Methodologically, this work is based on criticism and diversity of sources and their analysis.

La construcción discursiva del anti-aprismo en la prensa regional peruana: El Caplina de Tacna (1934-1935)

Alfonso Renato Vargas Murillo — 2025-09-30

This article analyzes the construction of anti-APRA discourse in the newspaper El Caplina of Tacna during 1934-1935, a period characterized by the intensification of political persecution against APRA. Through Critical Discourse Analysis and hegemony theory, it examines how the newspaper developed sophisticated discursive strategies that combined political criminalization, moral delegitimization, and ridicule of the adversary. The research reveals an evolution from the initial characterization of APRA as an incoherent political force to its presentation as a threat to social order, demonstrating how the regional press adapted and re-elaborated national political discourses. The study shows that El Caplina articulated a discourse that transcended mere party opposition to construct an image of Aprismo as a fundamental obstacle to national and regional development.

Subalternidade e reparação – ações emancipatórias/autonomistas das elites políticas da vila/cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes (1820-1855)

Carlos Eugênio Soares de Lemos — 2025-09-23

Since it was a political-administrative and territorial rearrangement with national repercussions, the creation of a new province required complex political negotiations in the Brazilian parliament. During the 19th century, only two experiences were successful in this regard: Paraná and Amazonas. On that same occasion, the “good men” of the Municipal Council of Campos dos Goytacazes, in the province of Rio de Janeiro, maintained the desire that their city could become the capital of a new province. This article analyzes the political trajectory of this proposal to create the province of Goytacazes, which did not achieve the expected success. Finally, it considers how this ambition, which was the result of the local elite’s perception of the discrepancy between the importance of their municipality and the treatment received by the provincial authorities (Assembly and Government), came up against a context in which the liberal constitutional political culture required new support networks and new interpretations of political action.

Uma tradição indesejada: o desejo de uniformização na Grande Reforma Urbana do Rio de Janeiro (1903-1906) como condição da civilização e do progresso em terras cariocas

André Nunes Azevedo — 2025-02-13

The article in question deals with a specific aspect of the Great Urban Reform of Rio de Janeiro, which took place between 1903 and 1906: it reflects on a common aspect of municipal urban reform and its federal counterpart, namely: the desire to standardize behavior of the Rio population, which they perceived as an indispensable element of what they believed to be a process of realizing "civilization" and "progress" in Rio de Janeiro lands. This movement of both reforming bodies ignored the presence of a secular tradition - in the sense given by H. G. Gadamer - of uses of the urban space of the city of Rio.

Do rural ao urbano no Sertão Carioca: a transição de Campo Grande e suas adjacências no pós Segunda Guerra

Daniel Marcos Martins — 2025-10-27

The Sertão Carioca, in Rio de Janeiro, was a vast area marked by various dynamics of social, political, and economic interaction between rural and urban spaces. Urban growth became more evident following the orange crisis, which affected plantations and led to the subdivision of lands (proletarian subdivisions) for the creation of neighborhoods, deeply changing the region’s social and economic dynamics. The increased value of land, real estate speculation, and the growing organization of the market under capitalism influenced how the space was used. This article aims to demonstrate how economic practices transformed the region, leading to the land subdivision for housing construction.

EXPANSION AND MODERNIZATION OF POSTAL SERVICES IN SANTA CATARINA (1930–1945)

Alcides Goularti Flho — 2025-08-22

We can observe that in Brazil, and by extension in Santa Catarina, during the years 1930 to 1945, there was a restrictive expansion and localized modernization of postal services. It was restrictive because there was growth in postal activity, combining periods of contraction and expansion, and localized because we observe advancements in certain services (airmail and the construction of new headquarters). Both restrictive expansion and localized modernization are associated with economic performance and state modernization. In this article, we will analyze these two movements in postal services in Santa Catarina, which are combined to enable the expansion and modernization of the postal system.

Small-scale urban slavery

João Victor Ribeiro Pires — 2025-07-04

This article aims to rethink the presence of slaves in Petrópolis in the 19th century from a perspective that analyzes the city in symbiosis with the capital Rio de Janeiro. In contrast to most studies about the city in the 19th century and the accounts of travelers of the time, the analysis of the press allows us to identify a city that reproduced within its interior some of the main characteristics of Brazilian urban slavery.

O terceiro turno entre Olívio e Britto: a eleição para a presidência da ALRS (1999-2002) sob a ótica da coluna Página 10

Alessandro Fernandes — 2025-10-24

Este estudo analisa a disputa pela presidência da Assembleia Legislativa do Rio Grande do Sul (ALRS) após as eleições de 1998 para governador, refletindo um “terceiro turno” entre Olívio Dutra (PT) e Antônio Britto (PMDB). A pesquisa utiliza a cobertura do jornal Zero Hora, especialmente a coluna Página 10, e adota a história pública como abordagem teórico-metodológica. O objetivo é investigar as estratégias, alianças e impactos dessa eleição, oferecendo contribuições para o entendimento das dinâmicas políticas regionais e seus reflexos na política brasileira.

Bairrismo em vertigem: verso e reverso no legislativo municipal de Varzedo (Ba) no efervescente junho de 1992

Antonio Jorge Souza Amorim — 2025-02-19

Embora a proeminência da cultura política no Brasil seja de mais holofotes para o poder executivo, o poder legislativo é um poder representativo que solicita, tanto quanto aquele, atenção da historiografia política, especialmente de fatos ocorridos em câmaras municipais. Partindo disso, a proposta deste artigo é esmerar versos e reversos papéis dos vereadores da câmara do município de Varzedo no processo de anulação da mesa diretora, após morte do prefeito e evasão do vice-prefeito.

Palavras-chave: Política. Legislativo. Local. História.

Sociability, leisure time and sports culture at the beginning of the 20th century in Talca, Chile

Daniel Briones Molina — 2025-04-25

The article analyzes the emergence of the first sports institutions in Talca at the beginning of the twentieth century. Marked by the context of modernization, sports clubs became an alternative to leisure and at the same time made possible new forms of socialization among members of civil society. It is postulated that the process of sports articulation allowed the deepening of social relations in Talca and contributed to reinforcing the liberal ideals and values of the period, which in turn allowed the strengthening of a local and national identity. Likewise, a recognition of the first organizations that were part of the foundational period of sports in Talca was generated. In methodological terms, the local press La Mañana and the sports magazines El Sport Ilustrado, La Revista Sportiva and Sport I Actualidades were used.

O trabalhador introduzido pela Companhia de Agricultura, Imigração e Colonização ao longo dos anos de 1928-1940 no estado de São Paulo

Jesiane Debastiani — 2025-10-10

With the end of slavery, labor became increasingly necessary for coffee plantations. To meet this demand, various types of jobs were created to introduce immigrant workers. It is also worth noting that there was also the presence of nationals, however, they were seen as a second option for large landowners. In the early years of the 20th century, we observed the work of several companies or private enterprises whose objective was to recruit workers for the state of São Paulo. Among these, the Agriculture, Immigration and Colonization Company (CAIC) stood out, introducing both immigrants and nationals to the state of São Paulo. The objective of this article is to analyze and understand the work of the Agriculture, Immigration and Colonization Company in the introduction of immigrant and national workers between 1928 and 1940, highlighting aspects of the company, as well as the origin of the immigrants and contracts established between the CAIC and the Agriculture Department of the state of São Paulo.

Cem Anos de Caruaru: Música, Memória e Representações Culturais

Paulo Julião da Silva — 2025-10-24

Este artigo explora a celebração do centenário de Caruaru, ocorrido em 1957, e o impacto dessa comemoração na construção da identidade cultural da cidade. Ao longo do texto, discutimos o papel das instituições locais, da imprensa e de intelectuais nacionais, como Jorge Amado, nas festividades. Também abordamos a importância das músicas produzidas em homenagem à cidade, com destaque para as composições de Luiz Gonzaga e Onildo Almeida, que consolidaram a imagem de Caruaru como um centro cultural do Nordeste. As representações culturais e a integração entre o evento e a Feira de Caruaru reforçam o papel da música e da cultura popular na criação de uma memória coletiva da cidade. A metodologia baseou-se em uma pesquisa documental e teve como pressupostos teóricos autores da História Cultural. Esperamos contribuir com os debates sobre a história regional, particularmente da cidade de Caruaru, em meados do século XX.

Plots, memories and trajectories in rural studies

Bruno Cesar Pereira — 2025-06-30

Tendo em vista a proposta deste dossiê que compõem o número da Revista de História Regional (vol. 30, 2025), no qual busca refletir sobre o que chamamos de “mundo rural” no seu contexto particularmente histórico e social, a partir de diferentes temáticas e dos múltiplos olhares e concepções teóricas e metodológicas, apresentamos ao público leitor um profícuo diálogo com Marilda Aparecida de Menezes, estudiosa do rural brasileiro, especificamente das relações entre campesinato, família, trabalho e migrações.

Mundo rural, vidas diversas: experiências, trabalho e cultura

Bruno Cesar Pereira — 2025-11-10

Throughout this presentation, we briefly discuss the studies that comprise the dossier "Rural World, Diverse Lives: Experiences, Work, and Culture." This dossier brings together studies that address the Brazilian rural world from multiple dimensions: historical, social, political, and cultural. The articles presented here are situated between the colonial period and the 21st century and analyze themes such as land conflicts, migration, labor, political repression, monocultures, territorialities, and cosmologies. From a historical perspective, in dialogue with sociology, anthropology, and geography, the texts highlight the complexity of rural experiences and the protagonism of subjects often rendered invisible by traditional historiography. The articles in the dossier draw on diverse sources such as official documents, interviews, oral histories, ethnographic accounts, and others, proposing new ways of interpreting the rural world not only as a productive space, but also as a territory of disputes, resistance, knowledge, and meaning.

Aspectos da ontologia ribeirinha na ilha Saracá, município de Limoeiro do Ajuru (PA)

Genisson Paes Chaves — 2025-02-19

Os pescadores ribeirinhos da ilha Saracá, localizada no município de Limoeiro do Ajuru, no estado do Pará, interpretam o mundo em que vivem como também coabitado por seres humanos de diferentes corporeidades. Estes seres se revelam quando querem e na forma que desejam. Neste artigo buscamos compreender as relações estabelecidas entre estes dois conjuntos de seres que habitam a mesma ilha, utilizam os mesmos rios, pisam no mesmo chão, nas mesmas folhas, enxergam as mesmas árvores e que vivem “vidas” que se entrelaçam. Nossas análises se baseiam em um vasto material de pesquisa que revela a existência desses seres. Seguindo os pressupostos metodológicos da antropologia, apoiamo-nos na autoetnografia e na etnografia. Fizemos entrevistas estruturadas, observações diretas e participantes e registros fotográficos. Os dados sugerem que a ilha Saracá é a morada das visagens, das mizuras, das aparições e de outros seres. Alguns são maus, bons, outros não se sabe ao certo qual é sua índole, pois apenas aparecem sem dizer nada e assim como aparecem, desaparecem. Estas narrativas são importantes, na medida em que agenciam a vida das pessoas, moldando suas decisões, afetando o seu cotidiano.

O papel das escolas do campo brasileiras na superação da colonialidade do conhecimento

Vanessa Policarpo Maciel — 2025-10-08

The article addresses the role played by rural schools and Brazilian peasant social movements in confronting the coloniality of knowledge. The importance of this discussion lies in the global environmental, social, and food crisis and how coloniality contributes to the worsening of this situation. The research question is: How do rural schools in Brazil contribute to resisting the coloniality of knowledge and valuing local knowledge, especially in the food and educational practices of rural communities? The central objective of the study is to discuss the role of rural schools in resisting the coloniality of knowledge in the Global South. To this end, we propose an exploratory methodology using bibliographic resources. It was concluded that Brazilian rural schools can contribute to resisting the coloniality of knowledge and valuing local knowledge in the face of contemporary reality through a liberating and decolonial education that breaks with hegemonic forms of land exploitation and promotes a healthier and more environmentally viable relationship in food production and consumption.

O Açaí na vida da Juventude Amazônica: Interculturalidade, Decolonialidade e Desenvolvimento Local em uma comunidade rural-ribeirinha da Amazônia Paraense

Denny Ferreira — 2025-10-27

Brazil, particularly the Northern region, is characterized by significant heterogeneity in the living and working conditions of rural youth. In the Amazonian riverine areas, this diversity is reflected in varying forms of productive engagement, limited access to public services, and distinct patterns of sociability. The lack of employment and income opportunities, combined with the absence of public policies targeting youth, limits their ability to plan and pursue life projects. Açaí, a fruit of great economic and social importance to the region, requires a thorough analysis of its production chain. The growing demand for this product, without proper attention to safety and the quality of life of the communities involved, has severe consequences. This study examines the precarious working conditions of young riverine workers in the açaí production chain, considering factors such as rural poverty, insufficient education, and a lack of opportunities for decent work. The exploitation of unskilled labor, low wages, informality, and the absence of social dialogue undermine these young workers' full citizenship. The research, conducted in the community of Rio Quianduba in the municipality of Abaetetuba, Pará, concludes that açaí harvesting imposes risks and hardships that violate the fundamental rights of young people, which are not acknowledged by other actors in the production chain or by end consumers. This scenario reflects a hegemonic discourse about the Amazon that perpetuates inequalities, negatively affecting the construction of youth identity and their ability to develop life projects that express their subjectivities in contemporary times.

A Diretoria da Agricultura e três solicitações de terras sergipanas

Pedro Parga Rodrigues — 2025-02-13

Buscamos analisar três requisições de compra de terras sergipanas que tramitaram pela Diretoria da Agricultura do Ministério da Agricultura, Comércio e Obras Públicas. Ao abordar o tema, pretendemos contrariar as teses do malogro da Lei de Terras de 1850, bem como outras leituras generalizantes sobre as legislações agrárias oitocentistas. O próprio fato de utilizarmos solicitações de compra de terras tem a ver com a tentativa de ir além de uma historiografia que apontou o insucesso das normas fundiárias imperiais. Eles argumentaram indicando a maior incidência de alienações de terras estatais nos Estados Unidos em comparação com o Brasil Império. Nossa pesquisa, por outro lado, analisa qualitativamente estas requisições de compra de terras. Percebemos como os agentes ministeriais contornaram proibições legais no sentido de atender aos interesses de potentados rurais. Sendo assim, contribuímos com historiadores que vêm questionando a tese segundo a qual a elite política imperial teria defendido a regularização da estrutura fundiária, porém tais transformações seriam vetadas na prática pelos senhores de terra. Ao contrário, percebemos uma relação mais complexa entre esses grupos. Concordamos com os historiadores para os quais a Lei de Terras de 1850 seria parte de um processo anterior e posterior a ela de transformação da propriedade.

Conflitos rurais no Vale do Rio Doce: cenário, atores, roteiro e vivências (1945-1961)

Haruf Salmen Espindola — 2025-04-25

In the Rio Doce valley, particularly in the Urupuca valley, in the municipality of Itambacuri, between 1945 and 1961, agrarian conflicts intensified, as demonstrated by the sources used: land legitimization processes, newspapers and interviews. This constitutes a particular case of agrarian conflicts in the agricultural frontier areas, due to the presence of communities of small-scale farmers, cattle ranchers and large capitalist steel enterprises. These conflicts are inseparable from the historical formation of the Rio Doce territory, particularly in the northern portion, between the cities of Governador Valadares and Teófilo Otoni. The study demonstrates that the concepts of “expansion front” and “pioneer front” are operational for understanding the rural world and agrarian conflicts in the frontier areas.

Raízes que saciam a fome: o papel da mandioca (Manihot spp.) na dinâmica colonizatória da América Portuguesa no século XVI

Nathália Moro — 2025-04-25

A chegada dos europeus ao Novo Mundo apresentou desafios, como adaptação e busca por alimentos. Para impulsionar a colonização, eles começaram a observar a natureza e as sociedades americanas. Fundamental para as culturas indígenas, a mandioca atraiu atenção devido sua adaptabilidade e facilidade de cultivo. Suas variedades foram rapidamente reconhecidas como fontes de alimento e matérias-primas para outros produtos. Este estudo visa compreender a importância da mandioca como alimento essencial para os primeiros anos de colonização. O estudo dessa raiz permite interpretar seu papel no cotidiano dos nativos e no universo das relações entre a alimentação de colonizadores e colonizados.

The daily lives of rural workers after wage labor in oil palm cultivation

Laiane Bezerra Ribeiro — 2025-10-24

The objective of this article is to analyze the trajectory of rural workers throughout their daily lives after wage labor in oil palm farming. To this end, we focused on their interactions within their families and communities. The research was conducted through a case study in the rural village of Belenzinho in the municipality of Acará, in northeastern Pará, between 2021 and 2023. We focused on direct observation, recording informal conversations, and interviews using semi-structured questionnaires with 18 workers who were experiencing their post-work as wage laborers in oil palm farming. We based our research on the concepts of daily life and rural work. The main conclusions show that the moments lived in the community and family are intensified after they have worked as wage laborers in oil palm farming. The workers assume and resume their work as family farmers and combine the knowledge acquired in oil palm farming as a way to remain in their place of origin and earn potential financial returns.

"A ditadura pegava era só quem era vagabundo mesmo": frutos do golpe de 1964 sobre camponeses norte-mineiros

Luís Fernando de Souza Alves — 2025-05-09

A afirmação que a ditadura militar brasileira só pegava quem era vagabundo é uma ideia que se ouve por parte de algumas pessoas no Brasil. A partir dessa ideia provocativa, e considerando fontes como jornais, entrevistas, artigos e livros, este artigo busca mostrar como um modelo desenvolvimentista, assentado a partir do golpe militar de 1964, intensificou violências contra camponeses no Norte de Minas Gerais. A partir de um olhar para essa região do país, é possível ter conhecimento de que violências e repressões ocorreram contra pessoas do campo e seus apoiadores. Ali, emergiu um coronel, chamado Georgino Jorge de Souza, que encarnou em si intentos do golpe e ditadura militar a partir de 1964. Em e a partir da cidade de Montes Claros, um esquema foi montado, com transações e trocas de serviços beneficiando alguns indivíduos, os quais se aproveitaram de ímpetos do espírito que vinha sendo instaurado na região. Grandes fazendeiros, tendo a cidade montesclarense como centro de atuação, buscaram ampliar seu poderio e expandir territórios. O referido coronel, simbolizado por seu 10º Batalhão de Polícia Militar, age despejando posseiros de lugares onde viviam. Para amparar modos de ação assim, uso foi feito de discursos, narrativas e violências, classificando camponeses como comunistas, obstáculos para intenções de grupos sociais que buscavam ampliar suas propriedades territoriais e, com isso, colherem benefícios do governo. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que, durante a ditadura militar, sob as consequências do discurso militar a favor do avanço econômico, grandes fazendeiros perpetraram violências contra camponeses e seus defensores a fim de terem mais terras e, consequentemente, dinheiro.

Workers adrift and under pesticide drift: discourses regarding the death of an indigenous worker

Graziela da Silva Motta — 2025-08-22

This article aims to analyze the discourses regarding the causes of death of an indigenous worker who worked in thinning activities in an apple orchard in southern Brazil in the late 1990s. Through a police investigation that looked into the working conditions to which indigenous workers were subjected, especially in apple and garlic farming in rural areas, it was possible to analyze the discourses of multiple subjects who narrated the events surrounding the worker's death. Understanding the story of Fág Mág's death reveals to us how the State, by way of Health and Justice institutions, allows the death of indigenous people through work.

Dendeicultura e capitalismo: o processo de trabalho assalariado na monocultura do dendê

Marlon Kauã Silva Cardoso — 2025-04-25

The oil palm economies in Indonesia and Brazil were supported by neo-developmentalist state initiatives that sought to specialize these regions in neo-extractive activities, suppliers of primary consumer goods. In this sense, this article seeks to analyze wage labor in oil palm monoculture in Brazil in light of reflections made in studies on the subject in Indonesia (the world's largest oil palm producer). For this purpose, a qualitative and quantitative research was carried out among rural wage workers in Igarapé-Açu/PA, combined with literature that provides evidence on wage labor in Indonesia. The information points to a labor process that is harmful to the workers themselves, with: work accidents, health-related problems, exposure to chemicals, and extended working hours.

Panorama do trabalho rural na cafeicultura de montanha

Ediano Dionisio do Prado — 2025-09-30

The article configures rural work in the panorama of coffee agribusiness in the south of Minas Gerais. Mountain coffee farming accounts for more than 32% of national Arabica coffee production and presents a production dynamic strongly linked to the interests of the international market. Considering the topographic obstacles to mechanization, the high density of work stands out, especially in the harvesting operation, with regimentation, in large-scale and employer-based coffee farming, with a large contingent of temporary workers, the pickers. In the field of labor relations, informality, precariousness, itinerancy, intermittency and vulnerability predominate, with repeated accusations and evidence of work relations analogous to slavery. Based on specific and regional bibliography, the text presents three sections, in addition to the introduction and conclusion: firstly, it presents explanatory information on the spatialization of coffee production and the characterization of the productive zone in the South of Minas Gerais; Next, it focuses on the configuration of rural work in local coffee farming and; subsequently, it pays attention to the occurrence of work similar to slavery and recurrence to migrant workers.

On the Conservation Trails

Melissa Lujambio Alves — 2025-06-11

This case study examines the creation of the Serra do Conduru State Park (PESC) from the perspective of Environmental History, aiming to understand how various actors sought to overcome the conflicts, contradictions, and controversies surrounding the Park, from its decree to its implementation. It also seeks to explore the changes and continuities brought about by this conservation unit in the territory between 1993 and 2006. The park was part of a broader context of territorial management projects in southern Bahia, based on notions of sustainable development and tourism promotion through the creation of Environmental Protection Areas (APAs). As related projects, the Park and the APA Costa de Itacaré - Serra Grande fostered interactions between humans and non-humans, altering conservation dynamics and associated lives. For this study, sources included APA newspapers published between 1999 and 2004, minutes from the Management Council meetings of the APA and PESC between 1999 and 2006, the PESC Creation and APA Implementation Project, as well as interviews with residents, environmentalists, and managers of both conservation units. Amid conflicts, negotiations, and alliances, the Park reorganized human communities in the territory and their relationships with other forms of life, promoted the maintenance and regeneration of key forest remnants, and contributed to the conservation of Atlantic Forest biodiversity. This article is the result of research conducted with funding from CAPES.