Tempo, Espaço e Linguagem é um periódico com publicação semestral do Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO, Campus Irati), baseada nos princípios do livre acesso, tem como eixo central publicar Artigos, Ensaios, Resenhas, Entrevistas e Dossiês referentes ao campo da História, estando aberta também para contribuições relevantes de outras áreas das Ciências Humanas. ISSN: 2177-6644 | Ano de criação: 2010 - eletrônico | Área do conhecimento: História | Qualis: B1 (2021-2024)
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Volume 17, Número 1, Janeiro-Junho (2026): História das infâncias e juventudes na América Latina: experiências, discursos e políticas sociais
Expediente | Editorial Board | Cuerpo Editorial
Carlos Eduardo França de Oliveira (UNICENTRO)
Copyright (c) 2026 TEL Tempo, Espaço e Linguagem http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
História das infâncias e juventudes na América Latina
O dossiê História das infâncias e juventudes na América Latina: experiências, discursos e políticas sociais é tributário das atividades desenvolvidas ao longo da última década pelo Grupo de Trabalho de História das Infâncias e Juventudes da Associação Nacional de História (Anpuh-Nacional) e pela Red de Estudios de Historia de las Infancias en América Latina (REHIAL). Reunindo investigações nacionais e internacionais, o conjunto de artigos aqui publicados comprovam a vitalidade e a consolidação de um campo de pesquisa que tem se dedicado a compreender as múltiplas experiências de crianças, adolescentes e jovens latino-americanos em diferentes tempos e espaços.
Editorial | Editor's Note | Presentación
“Homem igual mulher, pior que uma mulher”
Este estudo buscou reaver na história um fazer crítico através da análise do texto literário, elencando como problemática o mapeamento das masculinidades e suas relações com atividade e passividade na escrita de Jorge Amado, em Suor (1934) e Capitães da Areia (1937). Articulando estudos feministas, de intelectuais negras, teoria queer e de correntes filosófico-históricas pós-estruturalistas, interessou-se na relação entre classe, raça e sexualidade como marcadores das subjetividades amadianas. Palavras-chave: Jorge Amado. Masculinidades. Raça. Sexualidade. Subjetividade.
I Prêmio de Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso "Ana Maria de Oliveira Burmester"
Altair Santa Clara de Oliveira Neto (UFPR)
Between the Statute of Children and Adolescents and Minorism: intersectionality and selectivity in the Brazilian socio-educational system
This study analyzed the profile of young people in the juvenile justice system, connecting it to the concepts of "forgotten class" (Jessé Souza) and intersectionality between race, gender, and class (Carla Akotirene). The qualitative methodology, articulated with bibliographic research, sought to understand the overrepresentation of Black, poor, and marginalized youth in the juvenile justice system. It was found that, despite the Statute of the Child and Adolescent (ECA), punitive practices and structural racism persist, selecting these young people. The profile is predominantly male, marginalized, and Black, reflecting the continuity of historical stigmas. It is concluded that the system acts as a sociodemographic funnel, where "dangerousness" is socially constructed from social labels (Becker).
EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES OF FOSTER FAMILIES IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL (RS): A THEMATIC ANALYSIS
The present qualitative study aimed to identify the educational practices adopted by foster families in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. 10 foster carers participated in this research, 05 men and 05 women qualified and working in foster care services in different municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul. From the thematic analysis of educators' speeches, central dimensions were highlighted such as the organization of routine, the establishment of limits, the strengthening of emotional bonds and the promotion of socialization. The results showed that family care goes beyond social protection, becoming a training space that promotes the integral development of children in care. Educational practices reflect a model of temporary parenting, marked by challenges, adaptations and intense emotional investment.
A escuta nas audiências de adolescentes em conflito com a lei
This article sought to analyze the listening process in hearings involving adolescents in conflict with the law, in order to understand how they exercised a right guaranteed by the Statute of the Child and Adolescent: the right to be heard by a competent authority in the process of investigating an infraction. It aimed to understand how, in exercising their right to participation, these adolescents had agency in relation to adults, influencing decisions and acting according to what they wished to happen for their futures.
Where they didn't fit, they now exist: musical training for adolescents in socio-educational detention at CASE
This article analyzes the musical training of adolescents who commit offenses at the Socio-Educational Care Center (CASE) in Goiânia, Goiás, between 2011 and 2022. It starts from the premise that detention, according to the ECA (Brazilian Statute of Children and Adolescents) and SINASE (National System of Socio-Educational Assistance), should articulate accountability and social emancipation. In this way, the Workshop for Musical Production and Expression emerges as a pedagogical space for the re-signification of youth experiences, favoring autonomy. Based on Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy, the PNEDH (National Plan for Education in Human Rights) and the DNEDH (National Guidelines for Education in Human Rights), the study adopts action research with participant observation of musical compositions. The results indicate music as an instrument of emancipation, identity, resistance, and promotion of human rights in the socio-educational context.
An Analysis of Public Policies for Adolescents and Their Families at Social Risk in Itabira/MG
The study analyzed the implementation of public social protection policies in the monitoring of adolescents and their families in the municipality of Itabira/MG. It is a qualitative, exploratory-analytical study based on documentary analysis of CREAS records from 2025. Of the 579 records in the GESUAS system, six met the criteria for analysis. The results indicated that although Social Assistance is formally structured, there are weaknesses in technical records, limitations in the articulation between basic and special protection, and shortcomings in territorial policy implementation. The findings highlight the need to improve socio-assistance practices, fostering family protagonism and more balanced family relationships.https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2098-2489
Michele de Cássia Pereira da Silva (SEMAS Itabira/MG)
The article analyzes how Chile, la memoria obstinada stages the persistence of recent memory in post-dictatorship Chile. It addresses the techniques through which montage articulates testimonies, archives, and collective experiences with different individuals. The film reveals cinema as an interdisciplinary space for memory work. It concludes that the film not only recovers a denied past but turns youth into active agents in its construction.
He who welcomes the least of these, welcomes me":
This article aims to analyze the discourse of the Fraternity Campaign "Whoever welcomes the least, welcomes me," promoted by the National Conference of Bishops of Brazil – CNBB, in 1987. Based on the documentation produced by the Campaign and through records about assistance policies, it will seek to problematize the narratives produced by the CNBB about the social problems that guided the daily lives of children and adolescents belonging to poor families and living in situations of abandonment. In the light of Contemporary History, the persistence of the minorist discourse in the Campaign was analyzed, as well as how the Church itself reproduced the minorist culture, constructing an image of the "marginalized minor" and "abandoned minor."
A Adobe Pedagogy: Bolivian Indigenous Youth Agency and Leadership in the Warisata School-Ayllu 1931-1940
The article analyzes the Warisata School-Ayllu (1931-1940) in Bolivia, focusing on the agency of indigenous children and youth. It investigates how "adobe pedagogy" and the Amauta Parliament broke with the colonial model of education, promoting youth leadership in the resistance against servitude. The research uses historiographical sources to discuss childhood as a political subject and the school as a center for community sovereignty and ethnic resistance in the Andean context.
The objective is to analyze the guidelines of the Delfim Moreira Professional School for so-called “destitute” childhood in Pouso Alegre/MG, between 1917 and 1947. Based on iconographic records and local press sources, the study examines how vocational education was structured as an instrument of social assistance and social control. It argues that the institution operated as a disciplinary device, articulating technical training, Christian morality, and productive integration.
On the wall of memory, this memory is the picture that hurts the most:
In the dictatorships of the Southern Cone, repression was responsible for a series of violations such as imprisonment, torture, and death. In these regimes, forced disappearance represented the ultimate annihilation of the enemy. For family and friends, especially children, what remained was dealing with the impossibility of mourning, sudden and permanent absence, and incomprehension about militancy versus repression. Thus, this text aims to analyze how parental absence through murder or forced disappearance altered the private dynamics of children. As sources, we will use the documentary “15 filhos”, the final reports of the National Truth Commission and the Truth Commission of the State of São Paulo, as well as the book “Infância roubada”.
O artigo objetiva compreender as bases históricas e educacionais do primeiro Colégio Militar inaugurado no Brasil, em 1889, bem como suas práticas institucionais voltadas à infância no século XIX. A pesquisa é exploratória, documental e bibliográfica, com enfoque no Decreto nº 10.202/1889, que aprovou o Regulamento do Imperial Collegio Militar. Em suma, desde sua origem, os princípios liberais marcaram profundamente a constituição da infância escolarizada nas instituições militares brasileiras. Palavras-chave: Educação. Infância. Imperial Colégio Militar. Práticas Institucionais. Pedagogia do Internato.
This article discusses the current restrictive laws governing access to healthcare for transgender children and adolescents, emphasizing the Brazilian context between 2023 and 2025. Drawing on ethnographic research and historiographic studies, I analyze: the effects these normative changes have produced in the practices of healthcare professionals and in adolescents’ lives; how the categories of “irreversibility,” “time,” and “linearity” operate in childhood and adolescent transgender experiences; and the ways in which medical knowledge assesses gender through “indices” and “rates” of “detransition” and “regret.” Finally, I speculate on the multiple meanings that “detransition” may carry when understood through bodily projects grounded in unpredictability.
This essay analyzes the different conceptions of childhood in Brazil from a historical-political perspective, highlighting how race shapes the production of knowledge, institutional practices, and public policies aimed at Black children. By examining the period from colonial times to the Statute of the Child and Adolescent, the text problematizes the processes of violation that have more intensely affected Black childhoods. It emphasizes the persistence of racism in the denial of the right to childhood, as well as the need to deepen research and debates on Black childhoods.
O adultocentrismo como estrutura de exclusão política
Abstract: In this article, we propose to reflect on the political participation of adolescents in light of the current wave of insurgency by the so-called Generation Z in different contexts of the Global South. The analysis is grounded in critical perspectives on adultcentrism as a social structure of exclusion and the silencing of non-adult individuals, positioning these discussions within a field that challenges institutionalized forms of participation. We argue that, through the political meanings emerging from everyday life and the symbolic grammars that organize adolescent interventions in social directions, it becomes possible to build intergenerational pathways for the elaboration of common conflicts and the reinvention of the public sphere. Keywords: Adultcentrism. Political participation. Adolescences. Generation Z.
Beatriz Borges Brambilla (PUC-SP/UNISANTOS)
The childhood of Bolivian children on the Brazil–Bolivia border: experiences, territorialities, and rights in transborder contexts
On the western border between Brazil and Bolivia, Bolivian children cross the international boundary daily to attend Brazilian schools and, in many cases, to accompany their parents to work. In these movements, not only bodies and documents circulate, but also games, languages, and ways of experiencing childhood. This article analyzes the experiences of Bolivian children on the Brazil–Bolivia border, focusing on their playful practices, territorialities, and access to rights, especially education. The study adopts a qualitative, documentary, and observational approach, without interviews. The findings show that, despite legal guarantees, bureaucratic, linguistic, and discriminatory barriers persist, while children actively produce their own ways of inhabiting the border through play and everyday practices.
The article analyzes the historiography of childhood and youth focused on children and adolescents in the world of adult labor in Brazil. Guided by the social history of labor and the sociology of childhood, it discusses the transition from the view of children as passive subjects to historical subjects (“child actors”). Through a literature review, it examines class dynamics and children's agency in relation to capital, aiming to deconstruct adult-centric perspectives in the historical study of the early exploitation of children and adolescents in the adult world of work.
Childhood, Exploitation, and Regulation: Child Labour as a Field of Dispute in the First Brazilian Republic (Rio de Janeiro, 1890–1917)
This article analyzes the situation of child labor in the early years of the First Brazilian Republic, focusing on Rio de Janeiro between 1890 and 1917, as well as the process of constructing legislation aimed at its regulation. It seeks to examine the forms of violence experienced by these minors and the impacts of early labor on their lives, in addition to understanding the principles that guided the formulation of such laws. The legislation is shown to have been shaped by philanthropic, humanitarian, and moralizing conceptions, while also resulting from the demands, mobilizations, and pressures of the working class for effective regulation and enforcement.
This article aims to problematize the discourses of the written press in Chapecó (SC) regarding children and childhood in the 1970s. The newspaper Correio do Sul, published during that period, was chosen for this purpose. The journalistic discourse was analyzed based on the theoretical and methodological contributions of Michel Foucault. The text narrates the story of a boy arrested at the age of six and the machinations of the press to ascertain the facts and their veracity. In the context of the civil-military dictatorship, the newspaper's discourse emerged as a challenging one, seeking to denounce social problems of the period. Furthermore, it highlights the ways in which the State protected those considered offenders and how it attempted to frame them as threats to social harmony.
From hygienism to scientific philanthropy:
This study analyzes how the medical-hygienist discourse in Brazil (late 19th–early 20th centuries) redefined infant death and legitimized medical-philanthropic intervention in Ceará, culminating in the creation of the IPAI-CE in 1913. Based on theses, reports, and periodicals, it highlights the medicalization of childhood, the framing of infant mortality as a public issue, and the institutionalization of puericulture and sanitary education. Despite medical controversies, there was convergence around preventive care. The IPAI-CE adapted the IPAI-RJ model, expanding services and integrating poor childhood into the republican modernization project.
Violência masculina e o crime de estupro de crianças em Sant’anna do Catú – Bahia no pós-abolição, 1920
This article aims to reflect on male violence, gender hierarchies, and the social problem of child rape in Brazil, based on an examination of a rape case that occurred in Sant’Anna do Catú – Bahia in 1920. Using the concept of “rape culture,” this article is developed through the analysis of the discourses produced by the plaintiff, defendant, witnesses, municipal judge, and experts, as recorded in the criminal proceedings.
Gender-Differentiated Education in Colombia (19th Century): Discourses and Policies
This article examines how nineteenth-century Colombian educational policies produced a sex-differentiated model of education. It analyzes four mechanisms: administrative provisions, teacher regulation, admission criteria, and content distribution. It demonstrates how the school system functioned as a technology of government that contributed to the reproduction of the gender order in the nation-state building project (1820-1900).
Liliana Arias Ortiz (Univalle - Colômbia)
The performative dimension of teaching and the classroom as a site of action
The text analyzes teaching in Primary Education as a performative practice shaped by bodily, affective, and gendered dimensions. From an autobiographical and critical perspective, it highlights the overload that falls mainly on female teachers, who are responsible for tasks that go beyond teaching, such as care and emotional mediation. Combined with gender inequalities and the precarization intensified by managerial policies and digital platforms, these demands produce physical and emotional exhaustion. Drawing on performance studies, the classroom is understood as a space of restored behaviors, where gestures, rituals, and improvisations constitute teaching work.
Josiane Raquel Pivato Echeverria (UNILA)
Arcade Games and Childhood: When Computational Technology Became Play
This article seeks to conduct an analysis of the arcade game houses that began to be installed along the avenues of the city of São Paulo in the 1970s and the impact of this phenomenon on the concerns of families and authorities who attempted to understand how video games could influence youth. At the same time, it analyzes the functioning of these new entertainment media, their relationship with the computer industry, and the transformations they stimulated in forms of sociability and in the dynamics of interaction between individuals and technology. As a source, the article A cidade se diverte. Ao fliperama!, by journalist Fausto Macedo, published in 1977 in Jornal da Tarde, was used. To enrich the debate on games and video games, works by Johan Huizinga and Christopher A. Paul were also used. Keywords: video game; arcade; technology.
Giuseppe Rafael Caron (Colégio Dom Felipe)
From amazement to hope, or between Plínio Marcos and Clarice Lispector
Clarice Lispector and Plínio Marcos made literature a radical way of being astonished by "reality," creating experiences "with" the real in the years 1962 and 1977, respectively. Blurring the boundaries between History and Literature, I analyze the forms of literary composition in the short stories "Mineirinho" and "Inútil Canto e Inútil Pranto pelos Anjos Caídos," problematizing literature as a way of sharing the sensible in the endless task of critiquing violence and its effects.
This article analyzes the discursive practices concerning childhood at the Novo Hamburgo Hygiene Post (1939-1960) as a microcosm of Brazilian biopolitics. Through the discursive analysis of journalistic and photographic enunciations, it is inferred that the sanitary practices of this health space were imbued with hygienist enunciations aimed at shaping local childhood according to the ideal of a productive and healthy Brazilian nation in the mid-20th century.
Educação e “Projeto de vida” sob o neoliberalismo
Este artigo propõe uma reflexão interdisciplinar entre sociologia, história e psicanálise sobre os impasses na implementação da disciplina “Projeto de Vida” em uma escola integral de Ensino Médio. Ao articular bibliografia das três áreas com um estudo de caso, analisa-se como o ideário meritocrático e o empreendedorismo neoliberal ocultam o racismo estrutural, precarizam o trabalho docente e não colaboram para uma efetiva orientação vocacional para os estudantes. Palavras-chave: Projeto de Vida. Neoliberalismo. Empreendedorismo. Meritocracia. Educação Integral.
From Integral Protection to Algorithmic Protection: Childhoods and Youth under the Government of Life in Contemporary Brazil
Abstract: The article historically analyzes policies for the protection of childhoods and youth in Brazil, from the 1988 Constitution to the Digital Statute of the Child and Adolescent. By articulating childhood historiography with Foucauldian notions of biopolitics and governmentality, it interprets integral protection as a rationality of governing life, oriented toward prevention, monitoring, and the anticipatory management of social and digital risks. Keywords: Childhoods; Youth; Integral protection; Biopolitics; Governmentality.