Terr@ Plural Journal aims to publish scientific content related to the areas of Land Management and Geography that contribute to the development of theoretical and methodological knowledge. It intends to promote academic debate with professionals of all regions of Brazil and the international scientific community. The journal is a continuous online publication composed of the sections articles, essays, scientific notes, interviews, and reviews. The archiving of published articles is allowed in institutional repositories, thematic repositories, or personal web pages in the pdf version downloaded from the journal's site.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia - Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa
Revista Terr@ Plural will obtain the auctorial rights for all published texts. This also implies that the text can be published anywhere in the world, including all rights on renewal, expansion, and dissemination of the contribution, as well as other subsidiary rights. The authors get permission to publish the contribution in other media, printed or digital, it may be in Portuguese or translation since the publication is credited to Revista Terr@ Plural. It allows the self-archiving of published articles in institutional repositories, thematic repositories, or personal web pages in the pdf version downloaded from the journal's site.
Teaching Paleontology in non-formal education spaces
Paleontology, as an interdisciplinary field, plays a crucial role in education by contributing to the development of critical citizens and the understanding of complex natural processes. Despite its relevance, the teaching of Paleontology is often limited to simplified approaches in school curricula. Its application in non-formal education spaces represents an alternative to overcome the limitations of its conventional focus in formal education settings. This article seeks to understand the perspectives and possibilities for teaching Paleontology in non-formal spaces, specifically at the Natural Science Museum of the State University of Ponta Grossa (MCN). The research was conducted in two stages: a qualitative analysis of the museum collection, categorizing the physical space, fossils, and other objects in terms of their pedagogical relevance; and, an evaluation of the educational practices offered, in which, through a literature review on the use of non-formal spaces in the teaching of Science and Paleontology, an effort was made to integrate the identified practices into the Brazilian educational context. The results indicate that the MCN, with its diverse collection and pedagogical approaches, can enrich learning in Paleontology by offering experiences that complement formal education. By expanding its educational programs and developing partnerships with educational institutions, the MCN can solidify its role as a reference center for scientific and paleontological education, positively impacting the training of students and teachers. The creation of educational materials and teacher training are promising pathways to strengthen the interaction between the museum and schools, promoting more effective and engaging teaching.
Copyright (c) 2025 Isabelle de Siqueira Tavares, Isonel Sandino Meneguzzo, Gabrieli Goltz, Daniel Sedorko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Survey of Cretaceous marine invertebrate occurrences on the Antarctic Peninsula (Fossil Bluff, Byers, Gustav and Marambio Groups)
Recently, papers were published on bibliographic surveys on the occurrence of vertebrates and microfossils in the surroundings of the Antarctic Peninsula, but none addressed fossil invertebrates. This paper aims to survey the occurrences of marine Cretaceous invertebrates in Antarctica Peninsula. The better studied invertebrates in the Marambio (Santonian-Maastrichtian), Gustav (Hauterivian-Coniacian), Fossil Bluff (Berriasian-Albian) and Byers (Berriasian-?Santonian) groups are cephalopods (ammonoids and belemnites) and bivalves. The faunas of the mentioned groups are significantly different from each other, but this is possibly due to different paleoenvironmental conditions, incompleteness of the geological record and a lack of studies in some Antarctic regions. Furthermore, in most cases the formations of the aforementioned groups have different ages, which also implies different faunas. We recognized ecological guilds for each stratigraphic group in the Antarctic Cretaceous. Marambio Group has the highest number of guilds, whereas Byers Group has the lowest. Most recognized guilds are composed of epifaunal or nektonic animals and subordinately there are deep infaunal to semi-infaunal invertebrate guilds. We conclude that there are few studies correlating variation in faunal diversity with environmental changes in the Cretaceous of the Antarctic Peninsula. Collections with more refined stratigraphic control of taxa also need to be conducted in all geological units.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sandro Marcelo Scheffler, Roberto Videira-Santos, Mariana Batista da Silva, Mariana Passarele Souza, Maryliz Guaraná Miranda, Letícia Brandão Gomes de Sousa, Débora Barroso Monteiro, Marcelo de Araújo Carvalho, Renato Rodriguez Cabral Ramos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Geodiversity and geoheritage in the natural landscapes of Taboleiro Grande (RN, Brazil)
The state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), located in the Northeast region of Brazil, presents remarkable scenic and geoscientific potential, from the coast to the semi-arid region, related to Geodiversity and Geoheritage. However, much of this wealth remains unknown or scarcely explored in specialized literature, especially in municipalities located in the western portion of the state. The objective of this study is to conduct the geoheritage inventory of the municipality of Taboleiro Grande, situated in the Upper West Potiguar, aiming at its sustainable use through Geotourism. To achieve this goal, bibliographic and methodological research was carried out, thematic maps were compiled, fieldwork was conducted, and inventory forms were applied to identify the Geological-Geomorphological Sites of Interest (LIGGs). As a result, five LIGGs were identified: Lajedo do Sossego, Pedra Ferrada, Lajedo Canaã, Barragem do Fervor, and Cachoeira do Talhado. These landforms hold potential not only for tourism but also for the promotion of Geoscience education and Geoconservation in the regional context.
Copyright (c) 2025 Alex Lenner de Almeida, Taynar Alves de Sousa, Diógenys da Silva Henriques, Jacimária Fonseca de Medeiros https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Spatialization of the wild synanthropic fauna captured and removed in the urban area of Ponta Grossa, PR, from 2017 to 2022
Removing vegetation from biomes puts pressure on local ecosystems and brings wildlife and the urban environment closer each other. Many cities seek environmental compatibility by expanding their green areas, however, this can facilitate the displacement of wild fauna, generating conflicts with synanthropic animals that look for refuge and food in urban areas. This study identifies, quantifies, and spatializes synanthropic animals in Ponta Grossa, a medium-sized city in southern Brazil, using data from the Occurrence Records and Statistics System of the 2nd Fire Brigade of Paraná. The data was spatialized using QGis 3.16 software and a density estimation map was made using the Kernel method. A total of 1,371 incidents were recorded, 50.36% related to synanthropic fauna. Snakes are more than a third of the occurrences, followed by wasps and bees. Brazilian porcupines, opossums, and lizards were other numerous representatives. The large number of calls in the central area and nearby neighborhoods (Estrela and Olarias) may be linked to the presence of two large urban parks - Boca da Ronda Park with 2.7 km2 and Margherita Masini Park with 1.3 km2. The results indicate places where fauna move and deserve more attention, supporting environmental sensitization and awareness-raising among the population on the responsible management of synanthropic fauna, while dispelling myths and zoophobias.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ingrid Aparecida Zambilo, Karin Linete Hornes, Rosemeri Segecin Moro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Socio-Environmental Impacts threatening Ecosystem Regulation and Maintenance Services in the Regional Park Corno Alle Scale in The Bolognese Apennines, Italy
this paper aims to identify regulation and maintenance Ecosystem Services (ESs) and the socio-environmental impacts in the Corno alle Scale Regional Park in Lizzano de Belvedere, Italy. The following procedures were carried out: bibliographic and documentary survey; field research; interviews; and analysis of information. 11 Regulation and maintenance Services were identified in the park — maintenance of biological diversity, biological control, climate regulation, water regulation, purification and maintenance of water supply, etc. These SEs deserve attention, as they are fundamental for providing various benefits to society. However, there are several impacts that threaten natural resources and SEs in the park, such as the production of artificial snow and the installation of cable cars, which cause impacts on the soil, water resources, biodiversity, thus disrupting the ecological balance. In this sense, tackling climate change is among the main challenges in managing the protected area, and it is crucial to seek strategies as alternatives to promote sustainable tourism in the Bolognese Apennines.
Copyright (c) 2024 Maria do Socorro Ferreira da Silva, Elisa Magnani, Fernando Luiz Araújo Sobrinho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Natural vulnerability to erosion of the coastal zone of Esplanada, Bahia
The coastal zone is a complex environment that undergoes variations on various temporal scales. This zone is classified as one of the most vulnerable environments, both from a physical and economic point of view, due to the complexity of coastal processes, the fragility of its ecosystems, the high population concentration, and tourism. Given this, the objective of this research was to carry out the analysis of the natural vulnerability to erosion of the coastal zone of the municipality of Esplanada, Bahia. The methodology used involved the integration of cartographic data using QGIS Software, based on information from the physical environment and land use of the following attributes: geological, geomorphological, pedological, slope, and vegetation, land use and occupation; classifying the different classes of each map according to their degrees of vulnerability. According to the results generated, it was possible to generate the map of natural vulnerability to erosion. The distribution of environmental vulnerability classes in the coastal zone of Esplanada revealed that urban areas have the highest indices.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ana Caroline de Souza Santos, Nilmara Saturnino de Souza, Marcus Vinicius Costa Almeida Junior https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Spatio-temporal Distribution of Aboveground Forest Biomass and Carbon in Tropical Dry Forest under Anthropogenic Pressure, Brazil
The present study aimed to characterize the spatiotemporal variability of aboveground biomass and carbon in two fragments of Dry Tropical Forest in the Brazilian semi-arid region using the kriging interpolation technique. One fragment experienced vegetation suppression for alternative land use, while the other had no history of use or wood extraction. The vertices of 80 plots (20 m x 20 m) were georeferenced, and biomass and carbon were estimated using allometric equations adjusted for Caatinga species. Spatial analyses and mapping of aboveground biomass and carbon were performed using GS+ software, with semivariograms fitted using spherical, exponential, and Gaussian models. The research aims to fill gaps regarding the impacts of inadequate forest exploitation in Dry Tropical Forests, specifically on the spatiotemporal distribution of biomass and carbon, as anthropogenic pressure can cause significant environmental degradation, resulting in reduced stocks. This investigation seeks to elucidate these dynamics and provide insights for management and conservation strategies based on robust empirical data, in addition to answering the following questions: Does the history of anthropogenic interventions in Dry Tropical Forest areas cause variations in the spatial distribution of biomass and carbon stocks that can be detected by the kriging method? Which attributes related to conservation and anthropogenic use reflect the spatial distribution of biomass and carbon stocks in Dry Tropical Forest areas? The results showed a strong spatial dependence of biomass and carbon stocks in both studied areas, indicating the influence of the areas’ use history. The conserved fragment presented a more homogeneous spatial distribution, suggesting that the selective and unauthorized wood extraction was dispersed throughout the area.
Copyright (c) 2024 Gabriela Salami, Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo Ferreira, José Antônio Aleixo da Silva, Fernando José Freire, Emanuel Araújo Silva, Marco Antonio Diodato, Dhonatan Diego Pessi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Response of Altitude Grassland Vegetation to Climate Change in the Altitudinal Range Above 400 Meters in the Serra do Amolar and Morraria do Urucum, Brazilian Pantanal
This study aims to examine the driving effects of climate change on the spatial distribution of altitude grassland vegetation along an altitudinal range above 400 m in Serra do Amolar and Morraria do Urucum, both inserted in the Pantanal wetlands located in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Data variables from Google Earth Engine was obtained to the 1982-2022 period for climate data and from 1985 to 2022 for NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data. The data were processed and analyzed using the R software, in which the analysis metrics were applied on the raster data to identify spatial variation of the NDVI means and statistical methods such as Pearson’s correlation and simple linear regression were applied to identify the strength of the relationship between climate variables and the NDVI. The results showed that there was an increasing trend in temperature, NDVI and precipitation over the 37 years analyzed. The climatic variables were statistically relevant in the tests of the relationship between the NDVI and the variables of temperature, precipitation and spatial change in vegetation cover. The study thus revealed the merit of this analysis with a technical approach to assess the contribution of climate change versus alteration in vegetation dynamics in mountainous ecosystems.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dhonatan Diego Pessi, Normandes Matos da Silva, Camila Leonardo Mioto, Alfredo Marcelo Grigio, Francisco das Chagas Oliveira, Vinicius de Oliveira Ribeiro, Fábio Veríssimo Gonçalves, Marco Antonio Diodato, Roberto Macedo Gamarra, Felipe Siqueira Pacheco, Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Rainfall variability in the São Paulo area of the Ribeira de Iguape river basin (Brazil) and the influence of ENOS, based on the Box-Plot technique
An analysis of monthly rainfall was carried out during years influenced by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena in the Ribeira de Iguape Valley, located in the southeast of the state of São Paulo. Data from 1970 to 2017 from 18 rainfall stations distributed across the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Ribeira de Iguape river were analyzed using the Box-Plot methodology to identify monthly standard years. A water surplus was observed in precipitation during years influenced by ENSO, while in years influenced by La Niña phenomena (LA) there was greater variability in rainfall. In many ENSO years, surpluses occurred mainly in spring (October, November and December) and late summer (January, February and March). In the LA phase, droughts were more evident in the spring (September and October) and in the months of February and March. It is concluded that the phenomenon in the region presents monthly variability and does not follow a constant and spatially regular pattern. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and understand other atmospheric phenomena, such as cold fronts, the Southern Annular Mode (MAS), the South Atlantic Dipole, and the EN Canônico/Modoki, among others, which can influence the dynamics of rainfall in the region.
Copyright (c) 2024 Valéria Machado Emiliano, Nádia Gilma Beserra de Lima, Jakeline Baratto, Emerson Galvani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Analysis of the temporal dynamics of vegetation cover in the Umarizal microregion (2000 to 2022), semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
The Caatinga, an exclusively Brazilian biome that covers several states in the Northeast of the country, has been undergoing many environmental changes, mainly about its vegetation cover and land use and occupation, consequently, the study of vegetation dynamics and knowledge of its different types of use has been widely discussed. The general objective of this work is to analyze the temporal and spatial dynamics of vegetation cover in the Umarizal micro-region, as well as knowledge of the main types of use and occupation. The methodological procedures used were satellite images from the Landsat series, specifically Landsat 5, Landsat 8, and Landsat 9, for both the dry and rainy periods of the years 2000, 2007, 2014, 2017, and 2022. For vegetation analysis, the following index was used: SAVI. QGIS Software, version 3.28.3, was used to create vegetation cover maps. To study the types of land use and occupation, data were obtained from the MapBiomas 7.1 website. After the analyses, it can be observed that SAVI values were higher in the rainy season, the year 2017 stood out for its low photosynthetic activity in both periods, due to the low levels of precipitation presented in the year in all municipalities in the microregion. Regarding use and occupation, it was highlighted that in the micro-region the main types of use concern forest formation (savanna formation), composed of tree-shrub plant formation of deciduous forest followed by agriculture, mainly formed by temporary crops.
Copyright (c) 2024 Islânia dos Santos Nunes, Alfredo Marcelo Grigio, Marco Antônio Diodato https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Proposal for tree density in the central area and Ronda neighborhood in Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
Afforestation of public roads provides social, environmental, and economic benefits. Keeping this in mind, the Public Ministry of Paraná determined that the state municipalities must prepare a Municipal Plan for Urban Afforestation. This article presents potential roads that can receive tree densification in the central area and in the Ronda neighborhood of Ponta Grossa, Paraná. Based on a methodology that considers adequate spacing among trees and urban components, it was possible to indicate which roads can receive more trees, which have the ideal number of trees, and which have more trees than expected. In this way, it was possible to perceive that, in the central area, 23 roads, over 65 blocks, can have an increase in tree densification, being able to receive up to 305 trees, while, in the Ronda neighborhood, the densification can occur on 25 roads, over 77 blocks, being able to receive up to 390 trees.
Copyright (c) 2024 Denny Wilson Jobbins Haas, Silvia Méri Carvalho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Caves of Mato Grosso do Sul: review, conditioning attributes, predictive analysis and spatial autocorrelation
Karst and pseudocarste perform vital ecosystem functions, providing natural resources and ensuring important economic activities, as well as providing important materials to understand paleoenvironments. However, these regions are intrinsically fragile, associated with mass movements or the maintenance of aquifer quality, and there are some forms of land use and occupations restricted. The aim of this study is to perform an integrative review on the karst in Mato Grosso do Sul, evaluate geological-environmental attributes by location that condition the occurrence of natural cavities, besides verifying whether it is possible to predict the number of cavities by simple and multiple linear regression methods and to investigate whether there is spatial autocorrelation with some of these attributes. We observed that studies on carte in the State are recent and focus on topics of paleoenvironmental reconstitution. Most of the registered cavities occur in neoproterozoic carbonate rocks, but there is a relevant speleological potential in paleozoic and mesozoic non-carbonate rocks. It is not possible to predict by purely deterministic statistical method the occurrence of cavities, being verified stochastic pattern in its distribution. The Kernel density estimator allowed qualitative inferences of the probability of occurrence of cavities. Moran indices were efficient in demonstrating that geological-environmental constraints of cavities in carbonate rocks can interact differently and inversely in non-carbonate rocks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Alesson Pires Maciel Guirra, Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Different experiences based on environmental perception
this paper discusses theoretical considerations based on Humanistic Geography, establishing a relationship between space and place. Thus, the research aims to identify and characterize users’ perceptions of Vila Rica do Espírito Santo State Park, based on Fênix, Paraná state, considering people’s impressions documented in the park’s register book memorial, written between 1990 and 1997. To do that, the following question was raised: “How can we understand the park as a place, space, and landscape given the visitors’ images and feelings?” To answer that, we established four categories: the beauty and richness of the park; the poetic; the archaeology museum; and the transcription and interpretation of passages from the logbook, considering different perceptions regarding the park. The results suggest the presence of affective, ecological, and historical values that are perceived and experienced by the visitors.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marcos Clair Bovo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Landscape apprehension methods applied in historical sites of Jesuit-Guarani Missions
This paper aims to evaluate the “Urban Landscape Catalog” and “Topoceptive Site Assessment” methods as resources for landscape apprehensions of the tourist sites São Miguel Arcanjo (Brazil), San Ignácio Miní (Argentina) and Santísima Trinidad del Paraná (Paraguay). The article is structured by presenting the fundamentals that guide the chosen methods, characterization of the tourist sites under investigation and results from the application of the methods. Finally, readers are presented with an evaluation of the methods chosen as potential resources for the seizure of heritage objects and landscape elements that are presented to visitors/tourists. It is concluded that the methods, whose results are based on the observers’ vision, are strategies that present new elements to landscape studies classically present in Geography.
Copyright (c) 2024 Yuri Potrich Zanatta, Reginaldo José de Souza, Éverton de Moraes Kozenieski https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Population growth on indigenous lands leads to a reorganization of the space. In the case of the Malacacheta Indigenous Land, located in the Serra da Lua ethnoregion, in the municipality of Cantá, state of Roraima/Brazil, the population growth in the Malacacheta and Jacaminzinho communities has led to the creation of new neighborhoods, occupying alternative spaces. One of the consequences is the increasing of the use of water, with both negative quantity and quality repercussions. Given this reality, the study sought to understand how the space occupied by residents has expanded and its relationship with the watershed of the Cavalo stream, a tributary of the Quitauaú river. Using secondary data, observation and interviews, it was possible to see that, with the emergence of these new neighborhoods, the tendency is to occupy the space around the springs, with garbage and fires affecting water resources, with consequences for future generations. As there is no awareness among residents of the importance of water resources, both in terms of quantity and quality, the situation of degradation remains and tends to increase.
Copyright (c) 2024 Erison da Silva Cadete, Maria Bárbara Magalhães Bethonico https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Investment in research in protected areas provides subsidies for improving the management and conservation of these environments, such as creating new conservation units and promoting sustainable tourism. This paper aimed to analyse the evolution of published studies on federally protected areas in Brazil through a systematic review of 2,282 papers in the Scopus database from 2011 to 2022. There was a growing increase in the number of articles till an abrupt decrease in 2022. The VosViewer software identified niches of the most used keywords linked to conservation, Atlantic Forest, and protected areas. The study highlights the challenges faced when performing research activities in federal protected areas in Brazil, such as access to remote areas and climate instability. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted research, together with the dismantling of scientific institutions by the Brazilian government compromised scientific progress, reflected in a decline of 54% in publications. International collaboration was emphasized, highlighting the importance of disseminating scientific knowledge for environmental preservation and carefully selecting keywords to promote the accessibility and visibility of articles.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ana Carolina Da Silva, Franklin Galvão, Nelson Cosmo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Landscape and material culture on the Serra da Pedra Path in the southernmost region of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil
Caminho dos Conventos is characterized as an important terrestrial route connecting the coast and the plateau in the southern extreme of the State of Santa Catarina. After the opening of the historic road, the settlements established along the route adapted to the novel needs of the troops passing through the region. This study aims to map and analyze the historical and cultural elements present along the Serra da Pedra Path and their relationship with the ‘Tropeirismo’. We employed fieldwork and the recording of material and immaterial goods found along the trail. The recorded material culture is divided into three sectors, which together make up 30 points that relate the material history of the region to Tropeirismo. Along this route commercial houses were built, as well as resting and housing places that served as a reference and support for travelers and troops. Currently, most of these material assets are preserved, some are used as residences, and others are abandoned. The immaterial points recorded are used to support the tourism along the trail.
Copyright (c) 2025 Edson Zilli, Juliano Bitencourt Campos, Mikael Miziescki, Jairo José Zocche, Jairo Valdati, José Gustavo Santos da Silva https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Taphofacies, stratigraphic correlation and paleoenvironments in a new devonian section in the Paraná Basin (PR, Brazil)
The stratigraphic framework in the southern portion of the Paraná Basin, represented by the Devonian System strata, preserves a rich fossil deposit. This deposit is marked by the presence of a paleofauna commonly referred to as endemic, composed of benthic organisms from the Malvinocaffric Realm. The present study constitutes the interpretation of a new depositional section, and for this purpose, the new areas were visited in the field and described in terms of facies, ichnology, and taphonomy. The research resulted in the interpretation of facies from a marine environment influenced by storms in a situation of ecological stress established immediately before the Kačák extinction event.
Copyright (c) 2024 Elvio Pinto Bosetti, Kevin William Richter, Luana Oliveira, Isabelle de Siqueira Tavares, Iniwara Kurovski Pereira, Gabrieli Goltz, Daniel Sedorko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Indications of gentrification in the city of Ponta Grossa, PR
This article is part of the research area of urban studies, especially regarding the production of space. Based on an investigation of the amendments to the previous zoning legislation for the city of Ponta Grossa (Law nº 6.329/1999), the research hypothesis was that the legal amendments, aimed at private investment, functioned as an instrument of access to the use and occupation of land and aimed primarily to serve the interests of real estate capital. With the settlement of the different zoning of urban land, different appropriations of the city by different classes were allowed, thus facilitating, and stimulating the possible occurrence of gentrification processes. We use the dialectical method, combined with bibliographical and documentary research, to compare local legislation to recent approvals of developments in the locations altered by the law. We found that, through the legislation, the interests of real estate capital were given priority, especially in terms of high-end verticalization, once by granting access to the use and occupation of land in the best locations in the city, a selective valorization of spaces was promoted. So, this pointed the possible occurrence of gentrification in the affected locations, thus revealing the contradictions between the spatial results of the legislation and the ideal of developing more socially just cities.
Copyright (c) 2024 Thais Sanson Sene, Lúcia Cortes da Costa, Sandra Maria Scheffer https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) as a territorial marker
The study seeks to discuss the social, cultural, and economic organization and contact between indigenous Warao women and the buriti palm, from which they derive their sustenance, shelter and the way in which it portrays the mythical relationship with all appropriation to meet needs. Furthermore, buriti is a source of income, through handicrafts, clothing and hammocks, the construction of houses, and a source of food. The analysis of the geographical category will be based on the concept of territoriality, through the territorial markers in the related studies by Almeida Silva (2010). Finally, the study was guided by bibliographical research, with data collected through theses, articles, published in the scientific and academic environment, with a qualitative nature and phenomenological analysis, in order to highlight human events in the midst of migratory manifestations.
Copyright (c) 2023 Adnilson Almeida Silva, Laisse Andressa Nascimento dos Santos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Aerial monitoring of natural regeneration in a forest area impacted by fire
The Cerrado experiences numerous episodes of forest fires every year, compromising the biome’s biodiversity and landscapes. The monitoring of areas degraded by fire relies heavily on remote sensing techniques, based on the digital processing of orbital and suborbital images. This study quantified plant regeneration disturbed by forest fires using high spatial resolution images obtained by drones between September 2020 and August 2021, in a 20-hectare area impacted by fire in August 2020. In the Agisoft Metashape software, RGB orthomosaics were generated for each flight, in 3 blocks of 4,800 m2 each. The pixels of the classified images express the greenness of the site, based on the Excess Green Vegetation Index, obtained in the QGIS program. After the fire and the dry season, the green vegetation covered 28.34% of the area; in January 2021, after the rainy season and natural regeneration of the vegetation, the area was covered by 81.7% green vegetation; after 4 months, the vegetation cover reoccupied 53.36% of the assessed area. A simplified QGIS operations model was developed to speed up data collection. A proposal is presented for a lowcost environmental monitoring routine, using drones and free software or software with trial versions.
Copyright (c) 2024 Larissa Dall’Agnol, Normandes Matos da Silva, Dhonatan Diego Pessi, Camila Leonardo Mioto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Diagnosis of urban afforestation in Vila Brasília, Serra do Mel, RN Brazil
The late and accelerated urbanization initiated in the 20th century has triggered social and environmental impacts in the cities, caused by soil paving, suppression of arboreal vegetation, heat islands and loss of floristic biodiversity. The present work aims to carry out a diagnosis and promote a discussion that subsidizes the planning of urban afforestation in Vila Brasília, in the city of Serra do Mel, located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The methodology adopted consisted of an inventory of the local floristic composition. The plants were identified by means of specific literature, and the unidentified species were photographed and sent to specialists. The floristic list was classified based on the APG IV classification. It was found that 62,5% of the species are exotic, with a predominance of the species nim (Azadirachta indica), with a percentage of 53%, and the botanical family Fabaceae, representing 20% of the inventoried families, besides the presence of tree species with drastic pruning, paved areas without afforestation, and an expressive number of seedlings. It is required, therefore, that priority be given to native species, in addition to the need to take into account the species and place of planting and maintenance of the afforestation as a whole in the planning.
Copyright (c) 2024 Maria Dayanne Vieira, Lucas Emanuel Marinheiro de Oliveira, Luiz Tavernard de Souza Neto, Diego Nathan do Nascimento Souza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Birds from small urban green areas of Porto União (Santa Catarina State) and União da Vitória (Paraná State) cities
Urban green areas play an important role in biodiversity conservation of cities, providing habitat and resources for native and migratory bird species. Understanding how bird species respond to the urban matrix can help in ways to minimize the negative impacts of urbanization. Thus, this work aimed to describe and compare the structure of the bird assemblage in three urban green areas in south of Brazil: two areas located in the municipality of União da Vitória, Paraná State, and one in Porto União, Santa Catarina State. Furthermore, the aim was to evaluate seasonal differences of the bird community in a biannual sample series, 2015/2016 and 2018/2019. A total of 69 species belonging to 12 orders and 26 families were recorded. Richness, abundance and density differed significantly between the two sampling periods. However, while richness was higher in 2018/2019, abundance and density had higher values in 2015/2016. There were also significant differences between the three locations studied during each season. We also recorded the presence of a worldwide threatened species, the vinaceous-breasted-parrot Amazona vinacea. Preliminarily, it is possible to suggest that urban green areas support substantial richness of birds, ensuring, even partially, the continuity of ecosystem services of these urban spaces.
Copyright (c) 2024 Maiara Jientara , Alan Deivid Pereira , Rafael Metri, Juliana Rechetelo, Huilquer Francisco Vogel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Monitoring of Panthera onca should include long-term studies and genetic approaches
Jaguars (Panthera onca Linnaeus, 1758) are predators at the top of food chains, and their occurrence is a good environmental indicator. The study of jaguars, including their behavior, ecology, and conservation, has attracted significant attention from the scientific community. We carried out a scientometric analysis on studies of jaguar biology using camera traps in the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes. Our analysis revealed that conflicts between farmers and ranchers have an important impact on the ecology of the feline movement. We found two important gaps: a scarcity of studies with a genetic approach to the biology of jaguars, which include the ecology of the species movement in the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes. Furthermore, in most studies, jaguars were monitored for short periods, which limits the quality of the data obtained.
Copyright (c) 2023 Fabio Angeoletto, Felipe Alencar da Silva Nogueira, Jeater Waldemar Maciel Correa Santos, Alesson Pires Maciel Guirra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
The cement industry in accordance with the UN Sustainable Development Goals through the C-S-H seeds technology
The United Nations (UN) has stablished several goals and actions in order to mitigate climate change and reduce its consequences. As one of the main responsible of global anthropogenic carbon emissions, cement industry has a great potential on collaboration to achieve such goal. New solutions are studied to decrease the environmental impact caused by cement production. Clinker content replacement by Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCM) is indicated as the more feasible one. Despite the environmental benefit offered by the action, the composition modification of the binder leads to initial performance issues. Cementitious materials with lower clinker content and presence of SCM presents higher setting time and lower early strength, which limits the application of the measure regardless of its environment advantage. The use of C-S-H (calcium silicate hydrate) seeds additive can overcome such effect, since it accelerates cement hydration, improving its initial performance. Therefore, such additional input enables the vaster application of low carbon cements. Nonetheless, the manufacture of C-S-H seeds also emits greenhouse gases with environmental impacts comparable to cement production. Hence, the objective of this study is to analyse and discuss the contribution of the use of C-S-H seeds on the potential carbon footprint reduction of cementitious materials and if this measure could help to achieve the goals stablished by the UN. The reviewed papers pointed the additive as a feasible solution to low carbon cements production which allays technical and environmental requirements. Therefore, it was concluded that C-S-H seeds can effectively contribute to achieve the UN stablished goals towards climate change mitigation.
Copyright (c) 2023 Paula Aguilar Guimarães, Sarah Tamura, Marienne Costa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Geodiversity in the symbols of the municipalities of Cariri, Ceará
The geodiversity can be analyzed based both on its correlation with biodiversity and in relation to its geoconservation strategies, among them, there is the geoculture, which proposes the analysis of the influence that rocks, minerals, fossils, reliefs, geoforms, landscapes, soils and waters had and have on cultural manifestations, material or imaterial. In this context and considering the significant geodiversity of the southern region of Ceará, the Cariri cearense, aiming to contribute to the discussion of the concept of geoculture and, consequently, to the promotion of knowledge and promotion of geodiversity and its components, this article aims to analyze the geodiversity present in the municipal symbolism of Cariri cearense, through the toponymy, anthems and flags of its municipalities. Methodologically, the research was developed based on the concept of geoculture, with activities in the office, with the systematic review of bibliographic, documentary and cartographic surveys, considering the thematic and spatial sections adopted, laboratory and, secondarily, field stages, the results of which were analyzed together. The results show the importance of geodiversity in the context of the official symbols of these municipalities, a considerable part of the regional identity.
Copyright (c) 2023 Marcelo Martins de Moura-Fé, Regivania Rodrigues de Almeida, Nara Rúbia Ferreira Sousa, Maria Adjaynne de Lima Lino https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Exploring the Dynamics of Urban Gentrification
Urban gentrification, a process of neighborhood transformation driven by complex interplays of socioeconomic forces, policy interventions, and cultural shifts, has become a prominent focal point in contemporary human geography. This research article offers a comprehensive human geographical exploration of gentrification’s dynamics, impacts, and implications. This study delves into the multifaceted dimensions of gentrification within urban landscapes through a synthesized analysis of existing literature, empirical case studies, and theoretical frameworks. The article begins by elucidating the diverse drivers that initiate and perpetuate gentrification, including rising property values, shifts in consumer preferences, and economic restructuring. Subsequently, the spatial manifestations and social impacts of gentrification are examined, emphasizing the displacement of existing communities, altered neighborhood identities, and the transformation of urban landscapes. The role of public policies in shaping gentrification trajectories is then interrogated, highlighting the influence of urban planning, housing policies, and zoning regulations on the process. Furthermore, the article addresses the contestations and resistances that gentrification often engenders. It examines the strategies marginalized communities and grassroots organizations adopted to challenge the displacement of long-standing residents and the erosion of local cultures. Building upon these insights, the study advocates for inclusive and equitable urban development strategies prioritizing social justice principles and community well-being. this research contributes to a holistic understanding of urban gentrification from a human geographical standpoint. By unraveling the intricate relationships between space, society, policy, and power dynamics, this article emphasizes the need for nuanced approaches to address the challenges posed by gentrification and to foster sustainable and vibrant urban landscapes that accommodate diverse populations and preserve local identities.
Copyright (c) 2023 BAPPA HOSEN https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Structure and composition of northern grasslands in South Brazil
To contribute to the understanding of grassland formations in the southern Brazilian plateau, a floristic and structural survey was carried out in communities in its northern region. This region is characterized by a climate regime of transition between temperate and subtropical, within the phytogeographic zone called Campos Gerais. The study was carried out in grassland communities in the Guartelá State Park (Tibagi, Paraná State, Brazil - 24º39’10” S and 50º15’25” W), with the allocation of 90 sample units of 1 m2, distributed in 30 plots in the dry grassland (CS), 30 in rocky outcrops grassland (CR) and 30 in a wet grassland (CU). A total of 128 species and 28 families were found, with the occurrence of 66 species in CS, 55 in CR, and 64 in CU. Although the number of species sampled was higher in CS, there was no significant difference between grasslands for richness and diversity. Asteraceae (28 species), Poaceae (24), Melastomataceae (13), and Cyperaceae (11) were the families sampled with the highest species richness, a common pattern in grassland areas of the Mata Atlantica and Cerrado biomes. Few species were high frequency and coverage in the communities (mainly grasses) among several low biomass and low-frequency species. In addition, a marked zonation of vegetation was observed due to topographic and edaphic variations, since the greatest similarity was between CS and CR (54.54%) and dissimilarity between CR and UC (21.84%). Despite this, 10% of the species were found in common for CS, CU, and CR, an index higher than that found in studies carried out in the region. Floristic and structural differences in local and regional communities reinforce the need for further studies on the plateaus of southern Brazil for a more detailed understanding of this vegetation since its complexity is little known and the strong anthropic pressure has significantly affected its area of occurrence.
Copyright (c) 2023 Anna Luiza Pereira Andrade, Marco Antonio de Assis, Marta Regina Barrotto do Carmo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Natural Vegetation of Mountainous Environments
Mountainous environments are considered unique habitats with distinct ecosystem characteristics. Therefore, more studies must understand and characterize these habitats to improve their preservation. Therefore, this paper aims to characterize two mountainous areas in Central Brazil, Morraria do Urucum and Serra do Amolar to address a discussion about the ‘Campos de Altitude’ (altitude grasslands) vegetation above 700 m altitude. Differently from Serra do Amolar, Morraria do Urucum does not have Conservation Units in its territory, raising concerns related to its preservation. Actions are urgent to prevent the loss of mountainous biodiversity, but these must reflect ecological properties and successional processes and, therefore, allow adequate management practices.
Copyright (c) 2023 Dhonatan Diego Pessi, Geraldo Alves Damasceno Júnior, Normandes Matos da Silva, Camila Leonardo Mioto, Marco Antonio Diodato, Alfredo Marcelo Grigio, Vinícius de Oliveira Ribeiro, Fábio Veríssimo Gonçalves, Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Youth rural/city migration and the (dis)paths for succession in family farming in Immediate Geographical Region of Chapecó- SC
This article analyzes territorial changes in family farming in the West of Santa Catarina and the migration of young people from the countryside, a phenomenon that threatens the social reproduction of family farming in the region, historically marked by the presence of small rural properties. The qualitative research was built through a literature review in an interdisciplinary perspective, data collection and semistructured interviews with young people who remained in the field. The results point to a strong trend of rural/city migration of youth in the region, and the permanence in the countryside is linked to living and working conditions in rural areas.
Copyright (c) 2024 Renata Hübner, Willian Simões https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0