MODELAGEM DE UM VEÍCULO ELÉTRICO HÍBRIDO DE CÉLULA A COMBUSTÍVEL PARA ESTUDOS DE GERENCIAMENTO DE POTÊNCIA

Abstract

Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles are one of the main alternatives for sustainable transportation. However, some challenges must still be surpassed to make them commercially viable. In order to overcome them, and evaluate/estimate performance, mathematical and computational models are a natural starting point, allowing to emulate different operations scenarios and identify applicable improvements. Considering hybrid vehicles, an important factor that must be considered is power management between different sources. Thus, this work presents a mathematical model which provides means to simulate the performance of hybrid electric vehicles and their subsystems as a function of the power requested by the driver, allowing to evaluate control strategies for its distribution between different sources, also including fuel consumption estimation and its comparison with conventional vehicles. Considering that modeling is one of the biggest bottlenecks for the development of control systems, this work aims to contribute towards presenting a model capable of supporting studies both in power management and in the control of subsystems, since such models or some of its parameters are often omitted or are scattered in the reference literature. The model encompasses the vehicle dynamics, a fuel cell stack, a battery and an induction motor. Driver’s reactions are emulated by a proportional integral controller and the motor is controlled using sliding modes. Simulation results which validate the models’ usefulness are presented, based on a power management strategy encompassing energy recovery and a standardized driving cycle.