ANÁLISE ESTRUTURAL DE SAPATAS PRÉ-MOLDADAS EM CONCRETO ARMADO POR MEIO DO MÉTODO DOS ELEMENTOS FINITOS

Abstract

Precast footings can be used as a solution in works, in cases where shallow foundations can be adopted, in case of time and weather restrictions. The use of the precast allows the early molding of the part, in a different place from the definitive one, which may result in gains in the schedule. However, due to the conditions of transport and lifting of the part, specific stresses are generated in the element, which must be analyzed differently. The objective of the research was to analyze the stresses resulting from the handling of these parts, through a case study of a work in Imperatriz-MA, which adopted the solution of the foundations in precast footings. The analysis carried out considered simulations, using the finite element method, with different structural models, evaluating different lifting positions, in the sockey and at the base. The analyzes performed verified the existence of negative moment (upper tensile), due to the transport conditions, which are not usually found in conventional footings. However, for the analyzed cases, it was not necessary to provide additional reinforcement for the assembly stress, that is, the reinforcement, due to the geotechnical dimensioning, would be sufficient to resist the soliciting stress. The results also indicated less stress in the case of lifting by the sockey base and pointed out the plate model as the most suitable for this type of analysis. Research can assist designers and precast manufacturers in choosing the method of structural analysis and the lifting position.