MÉTODOS DE CÁLCULO DE VAZÃO DE ESCOAMENTO SUPERFICIAL EM BACIAS RURAIS DE DIFERENTES ESCALAS

Abstract

Hydrological studies are an instrument of environmental management which allows diagnosis of the hydrological system and seeks to solve the issues that cause negative impact. TThis study aims to evaluate methods for calculating surface runoff flow in rural areas.The use of Geographic Information System - GIS integrated all data in a single computational environment. Within the area of ​​Fazenda Escola Capão da Onça, object of study of this research, the maximum flows were calculated by the Rational Method, Modified Rational Method, Ven Te Chow Method, I-PAI-WU and McMath. The results were obtained, for Basin 1, through the use of the Ven Te Chow concentration time and flow rate by I-PAI-WU, with a value of 62.95 m³/s. For Basin 2, the Rational method was used to calculate the flow, obtaining 5.33 m³/s. For Basin 3, also using the Rational method for flow calculation, obtaining the value of 1.61 m³/s. Evaluating the methods used, the I-PAI WU method proved to be the most suitable for calculating surface runoff flow between the different scales of rural basins studied. For small basins (up to 0.5 km²), the Rational method is also suitable, due to its easy application and small demand for information to feed the model.