Disability and autism in the 2022 Brazilian Population Census: differences by sex and age group
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5212/PraxEduc.v.21.26169.076Abstract
This article analyzes the prevalence and distribution of people with disabilities and people diagnosed with autism in Brazil by sex and age group, based on data from the 2022 Population Census. The study adopts a quantitative, descriptive approach and analyzes secondary data extracted from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) Automatic Retrieval System (SIDRA). The theoretical framework brings together disability studies, the biopsychosocial perspective of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), the recommendations of the Washington Group, and debates on intersectionality. The results show an increase in the prevalence of disability across the life course, with higher prevalence among older people and a predominance of women in the older age groups. In the case of autism, prevalence is higher among younger age groups, and diagnoses are more common among boys in childhood, with this disparity narrowing in adulthood, suggesting historical underdiagnosis among women and older people. These findings provide a basis for planning educational policies concerning identification, accessibility, retention, and the provision of support throughout the life course.
Keywords: Demographic Data. Sex. IBGE.
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