Tourism for the elder, post-globalization, and transition: Mexico and the world, 2020–2050
Keywords:
Accessible Tourism, Globalization, Population AgingAbstract
The main goal of this paper is to identify the new patterns that tourism will assume due to demographic changes to be experienced by the Mexican and other societies during the next three decades. Through a Qualitative Approach, the main source of information was obtained by comparative assessments of academic and periodical data enriched by the conduction of personal interviews with decision-makers involved in Tourism both in Mexico and in the United States. The document points out that the main factors that will undoubtedly change the tourist activity are, in addition to the process of population aging, the conditions of inequality generated by the globalization model, and the effects of the COVID -19 pandemic. The results suggest that tourism will face the challenge of reinventing itself, turning towards the local-regional and toward the elder segment of the population leaving behind the massive ingredients that tourism prioritized during the rise of the globalization model.
References
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OCDE. (2017). Estudios de la OCDE sobre Turismo. Estudio de la Política Turística de México. Ciudad de México: Secretaría de Turismo de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. p. 35-70.
PATTERSON, I. (2007). Information Sources used by older adults for decision making about tourist and travel destinations. International Journal of Consumer Studies n. 31, p. 528-533.
POPESCU, D. (2019). Post-Globalization. Revista Económica, vol 71, n. 4, p. 8-25.
RUCHELMAN, L. (2000). CITIES IN THE NEXT CENTURY. SOCIETY (Noviembre-Diciembre), p. 33-38.
SARANCHA, M., BATALOVA, L. OKOMI-KAVA, T. AKATYEVA, L. (2017). Development Opportunities of Social Tourism for Elderly People in Russia (On the UDMURT REPUBLIC Example). 4th. International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM. Section Economics and Tourism, p. 237- 242.
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SUNDLING, C. (2015). Travel Behaviour Change in Older Travelers: Understanding Critical Reactions to Incidents Encountered in Public Transport. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health n. 12, p. 14741-14763.
TITE, G., CARRILLO, D., MASAQUIZA, D. (2020). Accessible Tourism in Ecuador: Profile of Tourists with Disabilities in the Province of Tungurahua. Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, vol 5, n. 4, p. 745-756.
TORRES, P. y MARRERO, M. (2014). Algunas Consideraciones Sobre la Medición de la Competitividad de Destinos Turísticos. Retos Turísticos, vol 2, n. 2.
TRIPP, D. (2020). Hotel International Baile Felix: An attractive thermal destination for European Senior Tourism Market. Abstracts International Online Conference European Integration-New Challenges. Oradea, Rumania: EINCO 16th. Edition.
TSARTSARA, S. (2015). Conference Abstract: Modelos de Atención Integrada a largo plazo para países de ingresos medio bajo en zonas remotas y rurales. International Journal of Integrated Care, v. 15, n. 17.
TYCE, M. (2020). Beyond the Neoliberal-Statist Divide on the drivers of Innovation. A Political Settlements of Kenya's M-Pesa Success Story. World Development 125 (104026), 1-14. USA Today. (2003, May 03). What Seniors want in Restaurant Dining. USA Today, p. 7.
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YU, Z. (2019). Health and Wellness Tourism in China: Concept and Development. Journal of Landscape Research, vol. 11, p.148-150.
ARENSBERG, M. (2018). Population aging: opportunity for business expansion, invitational paper presented at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) International Workshop on Adaptation to Population Aging Issues, July 17, 2017, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Journal of Health Population and Nutrition. v. 37, n. 7, p.1-11.
CASTILLO, C. (2018). Experiencias en socialización y gestión turística en el adulto mayor valente en Lima. CULTURA 32 (Enero-Diciembre), p. 123-149.
CHEN, CHUN-HSUN; TSAI, YUH-YUAN. (2013). The Business Model for Tele-Health Care Service. Proceedings for the Northeast Region Decision Services Institute, p. 1-7.
CHIEN-HSIN, W., & ANGEL, Y. (2016). Older Adults Participation in Ballroom Dancing: Practical Application of the Sport Commitment Model. Social Behaviour and Personality, v. 44, n. 3, p. 445-452.
CUMMINGS, B. (2006). SENIOR CLASS. They control around half of consumer love eating out-and often. Restaurant Business, p. 22-23.
DUFFIN, E. (6 de octubre de 2020). World population by age and region 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/265759/world-population-by-age-and-region/
ELAN, E. (21 de febrero de 2005). As Baby-Boomers Mature, Industry may find that market, though aged, primed for more. NATION'S RESTAURANT NEWS, p. 53.
EL UNIVERSAL. (01 de junio de 2020). Así serán las medidas sanitarias en los viajes aéreos al extranjero. https://www.eluniversal.com.mx/destinos/asi-seran-las-medidas-sanitarias-en-los-viajes-aereos-al-extranjero
EUROSTAT STATISTICS EXPLAINED. (Febrero de 2020). Tourism_trends_and_ageing. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Tourism_trends_and_ageing
FLEW, T. (2018). Post-Globalisation. Javnost the Public (Abril - Junio), vol. 25, n. 1-2, p. 102-109.
FRANCESE, P. (2002). TREND TICKER. Investing in Demographics. AMERICAN DEMOGRAPHICS. November, p. 40-41.
GARDELS, N. (Oct 2019). The return to somewhere: A search for belonging marks. The advent of Post-globalization. New Perspectives Quarterly l, v. 36, n. 4, p. 2-5.
HALL, M. (2006). Demography. In E. b. Costa, Tourism Management Dynamics. Trends, Managements, and Tools. p. 9-18. Burlington, MA, USA: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House.
HIGGINS, J. (2001). A Comprehensive Policy Analysis of and Recommendations for Senior Center Gambling Trips. Journal of Aging and Social Policy, vol. 12, n. 2, p. 73-91.
IBARRA-PUIG, V. (2006). Turismo y Globalización. Retos Turísticos, vol. 5, n. 1, p. 2-6.
INEGI. (25 de enero de 2021). INEGI - Censo de Población y vivienda 2020- resultados generales. Composición por edad y sexo Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas: https://www.inegi.org.mx/
INEGI. (25 de enero de 2021a). México en Cifras. https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/areasgeograficas/?ag=28
INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIES GLOBALLY MINDED. (2018). Best Cities in Mexico for Snowbirds. https://www.escapeartist.com/blog/best-cities-in-mexico-for-snowbirds/
JAIN, M. (2014). Drivers of Service Sector Growth in India Post-Globalization. Management Edge, vol. 7, n. 2, p. 94-104.
KOTEFF, E. (22 de julio de 2002). Paying more attention to Older Customers could turn Silver to Gold for Savvy Operators. NATION'S RESTAURANT NEWS, p. 29.
LEMIEUX, J. (26 de diciembre de 2020). Fly south or roost? Canadian 'snowbirds' weigh Florida mid-pandemic. AFP News: https://sg.news.yahoo.com/fly-south-roost-canadian-snowbirds-145235406.html
LUIU, C., Tight, M., & Burrow, M. (2017). The unmet travel needs of older population: a review of the literature. Trasport Reviews, vol. 37, n. 4, p. 488-506.
LÓPEZ-NÓREZ, A. (2017). Envejecimiento y Contexto Ambiental. Desafios para el Adulto Mayor en el Contexto de Ciudad Juarez / El Paso. El Paso, Texas: Center for Development and Quality of Life; Colegio Nacional de Administracion Publica; Alianza para el Desarrollo y la Calidad de Vida SC.
LLERA, F. y LÓPEZ-NÓREZ, A. (2017). Contexto Fronterizo y Desarrollo Regional. En Colaboración Transfronteriza en Ciudades Gemelas. Lecciones y Retos. Ciudad Juárez /El Paso y Frankfurt (Oder)/Slubice. 2da Edición. EUA: Alianza para el Desarrollo y la Calidad de Vida SC.
LLERA, F. (2015). CIUDAD, POBLACION Y RELACIONES URBANAS. En F. J. Llera, CIUDAD E INTERACCION URBANA. Bases teórico-prácticas para los estudios urbanos (pp. 11-64). El Paso, Texas: Colegio Nacional de Ciencias Políticas y Administración Pública, A.C.; MEXICO CENTER Rice University's Baker Institute for Public Policy; Alianza para el Desarrollo y la Calidad de Vida SC.
MATHER, M., SCOMMEGNA, P., & KILDUFF, L. (15 de julio de 2019). Fact Sheet: Aging in the United States. Demographic Shift: https://www.prb.org/aging-unitedstates-fact-sheet/
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF HEALTH. (28 de marzo de 2016). World’s older population grows dramatically. NIH-funded Census Bureau report offers details of global aging phenomenon. News Releases: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/worlds-older-population-grows-dramatically
NIKITINA, O., & VORONTSOVA, G. (2015). Aging Population and Tourism: Socially Determined Model of Consumer Behavior in the "Senior Tourism" Segment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences n. 214, p. 845-851.
OLIVEIRA, S., LEAL, C., VIVAS, C., BARRADAS, L.; SÃO JOÃO, R., JORGE, N., NASCIMENTO, J., FERREIRA, M., PASSARINHO, A., SANTOS, C., AMARAL, M. & RODRIGUES, A. (2017). Volto Já! (Resumen). Revista de UIIPS, v. 5, n. 2, p. 31-33. RCAAP: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/
OCDE. (2017). Estudios de la OCDE sobre Turismo. Estudio de la Política Turística de México. Ciudad de México: Secretaría de Turismo de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos. p. 35-70.
PATTERSON, I. (2007). Information Sources used by older adults for decision making about tourist and travel destinations. International Journal of Consumer Studies n. 31, p. 528-533.
POPESCU, D. (2019). Post-Globalization. Revista Económica, vol 71, n. 4, p. 8-25.
RUCHELMAN, L. (2000). CITIES IN THE NEXT CENTURY. SOCIETY (Noviembre-Diciembre), p. 33-38.
SARANCHA, M., BATALOVA, L. OKOMI-KAVA, T. AKATYEVA, L. (2017). Development Opportunities of Social Tourism for Elderly People in Russia (On the UDMURT REPUBLIC Example). 4th. International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM. Section Economics and Tourism, p. 237- 242.
SGEM. SECRETARÍA DE TURISMO (SECTUR) (15 de noviembre de 2018). Turismo 2040 – Una Política Turística de Estado. https://www.gob.mx/sectur/acciones-y-programas/turismo-2040-una-politica-turistica-de-estado
SECTUR. (2020, Julio 3). PROGRAMA SECTORIAL DE TURISMO 2020-2024. https://www.gob.mx/sectur/articulos/programa-sectorial-de-turismo-2020-2024?idiom=es
SHEREEN, H. MOHAMED, I. (2017). Ageing and Elderly Care in the Arab Region: Policy Challenges and Opportunities. Ageing International, n. 42, p. 274-289.
SMARTERTRAVEL. (2008, Junio 26). Top 5 value tour operators for seniors. https://www.smartertravel.com/top-five-value-tour-operators-for-seniors/
SMITH, G., & SYLVESTRE, G. (2001). Determinants of th,e Travel Behaviour of the Suburban Elderly. Growth and Change 32 (Summer), p. 395-412.
STATISTA RESEARCH DEPARTMENT. (20 enero de 2021). Senior Population of the USA. Society, Demographis, Population of adults aged 65 and older in the United States in 2019, by state: https://www.statista.com/statistics/736211/senior-population-of-the-us-by-state/
STIGLITZ, J. (2019). People, Power, and Politics. New York: Penguin Books.
SUDDENLYSENIOR. (2020, Julio 19). Senior Citizen Facts and Statistics 2020. https://www.suddenlysenior.com/senior-facts-and-figures/
SUNDLING, C. (2015). Travel Behaviour Change in Older Travelers: Understanding Critical Reactions to Incidents Encountered in Public Transport. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health n. 12, p. 14741-14763.
TITE, G., CARRILLO, D., MASAQUIZA, D. (2020). Accessible Tourism in Ecuador: Profile of Tourists with Disabilities in the Province of Tungurahua. Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, vol 5, n. 4, p. 745-756.
TORRES, P. y MARRERO, M. (2014). Algunas Consideraciones Sobre la Medición de la Competitividad de Destinos Turísticos. Retos Turísticos, vol 2, n. 2.
TRIPP, D. (2020). Hotel International Baile Felix: An attractive thermal destination for European Senior Tourism Market. Abstracts International Online Conference European Integration-New Challenges. Oradea, Rumania: EINCO 16th. Edition.
TSARTSARA, S. (2015). Conference Abstract: Modelos de Atención Integrada a largo plazo para países de ingresos medio bajo en zonas remotas y rurales. International Journal of Integrated Care, v. 15, n. 17.
TYCE, M. (2020). Beyond the Neoliberal-Statist Divide on the drivers of Innovation. A Political Settlements of Kenya's M-Pesa Success Story. World Development 125 (104026), 1-14. USA Today. (2003, May 03). What Seniors want in Restaurant Dining. USA Today, p. 7.
US Census Bureau. (17 de diciembre de 2020). United States Census Bureau-Explore Census Data. Population in California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas: https://data.census.gov/cedsci/all?q=population%20in%20California
UNWORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (28 de mayo de 2020). Global and Regional Tourism Performance. https://www.unwto.org/global-and-regional-tourism-performance
UNWORLD TOURISM ORGANIZATION (2020b) Tourism Data Dashboard Global and Regional Tourism. Country Profile–Inbound Tourism Performance https://www.unwto.org/country-profile-inbound-tourism, World
YANG, L., & CUI, X. (2020). Determinants of Elder Mobility in Hong Kong: Implications for Elderly-friendly Transport. China City Planning Review, vol. 29, n. 1, p. 74-83.
YU, Z. (2019). Health and Wellness Tourism in China: Concept and Development. Journal of Landscape Research, vol. 11, p.148-150.
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2022-02-16
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LLERA, F. J.; LÓPEZ-NÓREZ, A. .; MÁYNEZ GUADERRAMA, A. I. Tourism for the elder, post-globalization, and transition: Mexico and the world, 2020–2050. Terr@ Plural, [S. l.], v. 16, p. 1–12, 2022. Disponível em: https://revistas.uepg.br/index.php/tp/article/view/17513. Acesso em: 27 jul. 2024.
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