Caves of Mato Grosso do Sul: review, conditioning attributes, predictive analysis and spatial autocorrelation

revisão, atributos condicionantes, análise preditiva e autocorrelação espacial

Abstract

Karst and pseudocarste perform vital ecosystem functions, providing natural resources and ensuring important economic activities, as well as providing important materials to understand paleoenvironments. However, these regions are intrinsically fragile, associated with mass movements or the maintenance of aquifer quality, and there are some forms of land use and occupations restricted. The aim of this study is to perform an integrative review on the karst in Mato Grosso do Sul, evaluate geological-environmental attributes by location that condition the occurrence of natural cavities, besides verifying whether it is possible to predict the number of cavities by simple and multiple linear regression methods and to investigate whether there is spatial autocorrelation with some of these attributes. We observed that studies on carte in the State are recent and focus on topics of paleoenvironmental reconstitution. Most of the registered cavities occur in neoproterozoic carbonate rocks, but there is a relevant speleological potential in paleozoic and mesozoic non-carbonate rocks. It is not possible to predict by purely deterministic statistical method the occurrence of cavities, being verified stochastic pattern in its distribution. The Kernel density estimator allowed qualitative inferences of the probability of occurrence of cavities. Moran indices were efficient in demonstrating that geological-environmental constraints of cavities in carbonate rocks can interact differently and inversely in non-carbonate rocks.